16.8
असत्यमप्रतिष्ठं ते जगदाहुरनीश्वरम् ।
अपरस्परसम्भूतं किमन्यत्कामहैतुकम् ॥
asatyam apratiṣṭhaṃ te jagad āhur anīśvaram
aparasparasambhūtaṃ kim anyat kāmahaitukam
Kṛṣṇa (कृष्ण) gives the sentence those people say about the world.
The verse
They say the world is without truth, without a foundation, and without a lord, arisen by mutual union, and, what else, caused by desire.
नेपालीमा
तिनीहरू भन्छन् संसार सत्य बिनाको छ, आधार बिनाको छ, र प्रभु बिनाको छ, आपसमा मिलेर उठेको छ, अनि अरू के हुनु, इच्छाबाट बनेको छ।
Where it sits
16.7 said truth is not found in them, and this verse is the sentence they say instead: the world has no truth, no foundation, and no lord. Desire is the only cause they leave standing.
Split: असत्यम् + अप्रतिष्ठम् + ते + जगत् + आहुः + अनीश्वरम् + अपरस्पर-सम्भूतम् + किम् + अन्यत् + काम-हैतुकम्
asatyam + apratiṣṭham + te + jagat + āhuḥ + anīśvaram + aparaspara-sambhūtam + kim + anyat + kāma-haitukam
Sanskrit, in depth
The words
| देवनागरी | Word | Grammar | Sense |
|---|---|---|---|
| असत्यम् | asatyam | accusative singular neuter | without truth. Untrue. Agrees with jagat (जगत्). |
| अप्रतिष्ठम् | apratiṣṭham | accusative singular neuter | without a foundation. pratiṣṭhā (प्रतिष्ठा) is a standing-place. |
| ते | te | nominative plural | they. Subject of āhuḥ (आहुः). |
| जगत् | jagat | accusative singular neuter | the world. What moves. |
| आहुः | āhuḥ | perfect, 3rd plural | they say. |
| अनीश्वरम् | anīśvaram | accusative singular neuter | without a lord. No īśvara (ईश्वर). |
| अपरस्पर-सम्भूतम् | aparaspara-sambhūtam | accusative singular neuter | arisen by mutual union. Brought forth by beings producing one another. Agrees with jagat (जगत्). |
| किम् | kim | nominative singular neuter | what. |
| अन्यत् | anyat | nominative singular neuter | else. Other. |
| काम-हैतुकम् | kāma-haitukam | accusative singular neuter | having desire as its cause. hetu (हेतु) is a cause. Agrees with jagat (जगत्). |
The phrases
असत्यम् अप्रतिष्ठम् ते जगत् आहुः अनीश्वरम् asatyam apratiṣṭham te jagat āhuḥ anīśvaram is the report of their view. They say the world is without truth, without a foundation, and without a lord. Three accusatives, one object.
अपरस्पर-सम्भूतम् किम् अन्यत् काम-हैतुकम् aparaspara-sambhūtam kim anyat kāma-haitukam is the cause they allow. The world, on their account, comes from beings producing one another. किम् अन्यत् kim anyat asks what else there would be, and kāma-haitukam (काम-हैतुकम्) answers: desire is the cause.
Sanskrit in this line
जगत् + आहुः jagat + āhuḥ is recited jagad āhuḥ (जगदाहुः). t (त्) before a vowel becomes d (द्). The word is still jagat (जगत्), accusative, the thing they talk about. Do not read jagad (जगद्) as the dictionary form.
Say it back
Cover the English. Say the three things they deny of the world. If anīśvaram (अनीश्वरम्) comes out as "a lord," the negation is gone.