16.9
एतां दृष्टिमवष्टभ्य नष्टात्मानोऽल्पबुद्धयः ।
प्रभवन्त्युग्रकर्माणः क्षयाय जगतोऽहिताः ॥
etāṃ dṛṣṭim avaṣṭabhya naṣṭātmāno 'lpabuddhayaḥ
prabhavanty ugrakarmāṇaḥ kṣayāya jagato 'hitāḥ
Kṛṣṇa (कृष्ण) says what that view does to the people who hold it.
The verse
Holding to this view, those of lost self and small understanding come forth, fierce in their deeds and hostile, for the ruin of the world.
नेपालीमा
यो दृष्टि समातेर, आत्मा हराएका र सानो बुझाइ भएकाहरू निस्किन्छन्, कर्ममा उग्र र अहितकारी, संसारको नाशका लागि।
Where it sits
The view of 16.8 is now a prop people hold, and what comes forth from it is ruin aimed at the world. The acts themselves are still to be shown.
Split: एताम् + दृष्टिम् + अवष्टभ्य + नष्ट-आत्मानः + अल्प-बुद्धयः + प्रभवन्ति + उग्र-कर्माणः + क्षयाय + जगतः + अहिताः
etām + dṛṣṭim + avaṣṭabhya + naṣṭa-ātmānaḥ + alpa-buddhayaḥ + prabhavanti + ugra-karmāṇaḥ + kṣayāya + jagataḥ + ahitāḥ
Sanskrit, in depth
The words
| देवनागरी | Word | Grammar | Sense |
|---|---|---|---|
| एताम् | etām | accusative singular feminine | this. Agrees with dṛṣṭim (दृष्टिम्). |
| दृष्टिम् | dṛṣṭim | accusative singular | view. Way of seeing. The sentence of 16.8. |
| अवष्टभ्य | avaṣṭabhya | gerund of ava-stambh (अव-स्तम्भ्) | having held to. Having taken as a prop. |
| नष्ट-आत्मानः | naṣṭa-ātmānaḥ | nominative plural | those whose selves are lost. naṣṭa (नष्ट) "destroyed," ātman (आत्मन्) "self." |
| अल्प-बुद्धयः | alpa-buddhayaḥ | nominative plural | those of small understanding. alpa (अल्प) "small," buddhi (बुद्धि) "understanding." |
| प्रभवन्ति | prabhavanti | present, 3rd plural of pra-bhū (प्र-भू) | they come forth. They rise up. |
| उग्र-कर्माणः | ugra-karmāṇaḥ | nominative plural | those of fierce deeds. ugra (उग्र) "fierce," karman (कर्मन्) "deed." |
| क्षयाय | kṣayāya | dative singular | for ruin. For destruction. |
| जगतः | jagataḥ | genitive singular of jagat (जगत्) | of the world. |
| अहिताः | ahitāḥ | nominative plural | hostile. Not wishing well. a (अ) plus hita (हित). |
The phrases
एताम् दृष्टिम् अवष्टभ्य नष्ट-आत्मानः अल्प-बुद्धयः etām dṛṣṭim avaṣṭabhya naṣṭa-ātmānaḥ alpa-buddhayaḥ is the holding and the holders. The view is the one just stated. The gerund avaṣṭabhya (अवष्टभ्य) does not show person. The person is the subject of prabhavanti (प्रभवन्ति).
prabhavanti ugra-karmāṇaḥ kṣayāya jagataḥ ahitāḥ (प्रभवन्ति उग्र-कर्माणः क्षयाय जगतः अहिताः) is what they come forth as. Fierce in their deeds, hostile, and the dative kṣayāya (क्षयाय) says what the coming-forth is for: the ruin of the world.
Sanskrit in this line
प्रभवन्ति + उग्र-कर्माणः prabhavanti + ugra-karmāṇaḥ is recited prabhavanty ugrakarmāṇaḥ (प्रभवन्त्युग्रकर्माणः). इ + उ i + u becomes yu (यु). The u (उ) of ugra (उग्र) is inside that y (य्). Restore it, or the fierce-deed word loses its first syllable and sticks to the verb.
Say it back
Cover the English. Say what they hold, and what the dative kṣayāya (क्षयाय) is for. If the ruin is made their own ruin only, and jagataḥ (जगतः) is dropped, stay here.