16.18
अहंकारं बलं दर्पं कामं क्रोधं च संश्रिताः ।
मामात्मपरदेहेषु प्रद्विषन्तोऽभ्यसूयकाः ॥
ahaṃkāraṃ balaṃ darpaṃ kāmaṃ krodhaṃ ca saṃśritāḥ
mām ātmaparadeheṣu pradviṣanto 'bhyasūyakāḥ
Kṛṣṇa (कृष्ण) says what they resort to, and that the hate is aimed at him.
The verse
Resorting to ego, force, arrogance, desire, and anger, the fault-finders hate me in their own bodies and in the bodies of others.
नेपालीमा
अहङ्कार, बल, घमण्ड, इच्छा र क्रोधको आश्रय लिएर, दोष खोज्नेहरू आफ्नै शरीरमा र अरूका शरीरमा मलाई घृणा गर्छन्।
Where it sits
The portrait reaches him: desire and anger, with ego, force, and arrogance, are the refuge, and the act toward him is hate. The next verse is what he does with the haters.
Split: अहंकारम् + बलम् + दर्पम् + कामम् + क्रोधम् + च + संश्रिताः + माम् + आत्म-पर-देहेषु + प्रद्विषन्तः + अभ्यसूयकाः
ahaṃkāram + balam + darpam + kāmam + krodham + ca + saṃśritāḥ + mām + ātma-para-deheṣu + pradviṣantaḥ + abhyasūyakāḥ
Sanskrit, in depth
The words
| देवनागरी | Word | Grammar | Sense |
|---|---|---|---|
| अहंकारम् | ahaṃkāram | accusative singular | the I-maker. Ego. aham (अहम्) plus kāra (कार). |
| बलम् | balam | accusative singular | force. Strength used as a refuge. |
| दर्पम् | darpam | accusative singular | arrogance. The same noun as in 16.4, now accusative. |
| कामम् | kāmam | accusative singular | desire. |
| क्रोधम् | krodham | accusative singular | anger. |
| च | ca | indeclinable | and. |
| संश्रिताः | saṃśritāḥ | nominative plural | having resorted to. Who have taken refuge in. From sam-śri (सम्-श्रि). |
| माम् | mām | accusative singular | me. Object of pradviṣantaḥ (प्रद्विषन्तः). |
| आत्म-पर-देहेषु | ātma-para-deheṣu | locative plural | in their own and in others' bodies. ātma (आत्म) one's own, para (पर) another, deha (देह) a body. |
| प्रद्विषन्तः | pradviṣantaḥ | nominative plural, present participle of pra-dviṣ (प्र-द्विष्) | hating. |
| अभ्यसूयकाः | abhyasūyakāḥ | nominative plural | fault-finders. Those who mutter against. From abhi-asūya (अभि-असूय). |
The phrases
ahaṃkāram balam darpam kāmam krodham ca saṃśritāḥ (अहंकारम् बलम् दर्पम् कामम् क्रोधम् च संश्रिताः) is the refuge. Five accusatives, one participle: they have resorted to ego, force, arrogance, desire, and anger. saṃśritāḥ (संश्रिताः) is nominative. The accusatives are what they resort to, not a second object of the hate.
माम् आत्म-पर-देहेषु प्रद्विषन्तः अभ्यसूयकाः mām ātma-para-deheṣu pradviṣantaḥ abhyasūyakāḥ is the hate. They hate him, in their own bodies and in the bodies of others. abhyasūyakāḥ (अभ्यसूयकाः) is a second nominative beside pradviṣantaḥ (प्रद्विषन्तः): the fault-finders.
Sanskrit in this line
प्रद्विषन्तः + अभ्यसूयकाः pradviṣantaḥ + abhyasūyakāḥ is recited pradviṣanto 'bhyasūyakāḥ (प्रद्विषन्तोऽभ्यसूयकाः). अः + अ aḥ + a becomes o (ओ), with the avagraha. abhyasūyakāḥ (अभ्यसूयकाः) is nominative plural, a second description of the same people. It is not a finite verb.
Say it back
Cover the English. Say the five they resort to, then whom they hate. If mām (माम्) is replaced by a general enemy, the verse has left him.