16.19
तानहं द्विषतः क्रुरान्संसारेषु नराधमान् ।
क्षिपाम्यजस्रमशुभानासुरीष्वेव योनिषु ॥
tān ahaṃ dviṣataḥ krurān saṃsāreṣu narādhamān
kṣipāmy ajasram aśubhān āsurīṣv eva yoniṣu
Kṛṣṇa (कृष्ण) says what he does with the people who hate him.
The verse
Those haters, cruel, lowest of men, and inauspicious, I hurl continually, in the rounds of birth, into demonic wombs alone.
नेपालीमा
ती घृणा गर्ने, निर्दयी, मानिसमध्ये अधम र अशुभलाई म जन्मका फन्कामा निरन्तर आसुरी योनिमै फ्याँक्छु।
Where it sits
16.18 named the hate aimed at him, and this verse is his answer, in the first person, casting them into a demonic birth. That birth is not the last station of the going.
Split: तान् + अहम् + द्विषतः + क्रुरान् + संसारेषु + नर-अधमान् + क्षिपामि + अजस्रम् + अशुभान् + आसुरीषु + एव + योनिषु
tān + aham + dviṣataḥ + krurān + saṃsāreṣu + nara-adhamān + kṣipāmi + ajasram + aśubhān + āsurīṣu + eva + yoniṣu
Sanskrit, in depth
The words
| देवनागरी | Word | Grammar | Sense |
|---|---|---|---|
| तान् | tān | accusative plural of tad (तद्) | them. Object of kṣipāmi (क्षिपामि). |
| अहम् | aham | nominative singular | I. |
| द्विषतः | dviṣataḥ | accusative plural, present participle of dviṣ (द्विष्) | the hating ones. Agrees with tān (तान्). |
| क्रुरान् | krurān | accusative plural | cruel. |
| संसारेषु | saṃsāreṣu | locative plural | in the rounds of birth. In the going-about from life to life. |
| नर-अधमान् | nara-adhamān | accusative plural | lowest of men. nara (नर) "man," adhama (अधम) "lowest." |
| क्षिपामि | kṣipāmi | present, 1st singular of kṣip (क्षिप्) | I hurl. I cast. |
| अजस्रम् | ajasram | adverbial accusative | continually. Without a gap. |
| अशुभान् | aśubhān | accusative plural | inauspicious. The not-good. Agrees with tān (तान्). |
| आसुरीषु | āsurīṣu | locative plural feminine | into demonic. Agrees with yoniṣu (योनिषु). |
| एव | eva | indeclinable | indeed. Only. It presses āsurīṣu (आसुरीषु). |
| योनिषु | yoniṣu | locative plural | into wombs. Into births. |
The phrases
तान् अहम् द्विषतः क्रुरान् संसारेषु नर-अधमान् tān aham dviṣataḥ krurān saṃsāreṣu nara-adhamān lays out the object before the verb. Them: the hating, the cruel, the lowest of men. saṃsāreṣu (संसारेषु) is where the hurling goes on, in the rounds.
क्षिपामि अजस्रम् अशुभान् आसुरीषु एव योनिषु kṣipāmi ajasram aśubhān āsurīṣu eva yoniṣu is the act. I hurl them, the inauspicious, continually, into demonic wombs alone. eva (एव) keeps the birth demonic. The accusatives all go back to tān (तान्).
Sanskrit in this line
क्षिपामि + अजस्रम् kṣipāmi + ajasram is recited kṣipāmy ajasram (क्षिपाम्यजस्रम्). इ + अ i + a becomes ya (य). The i (इ) of kṣipāmi (क्षिपामि) is the ending that says "I." It is inside the y (य्). Restore the verb before you decide who hurls.
Say it back
Cover the English. Say who hurls, and into what. If kṣipāmi (क्षिपामि) comes out as "they fall," you have gone back to 16.16.