17.14
देवद्विजगुरुप्राज्ञपूजनं शौचमार्जवम् ।
ब्रह्मचर्यमहिंसा च शारीरं तप उच्यते ॥
devadvijaguruprājñapūjanaṃ śaucam ārjavam
brahmacaryam ahiṃsā ca śārīraṃ tapa ucyate
śrībhagavān (श्रीभगवान्) is still speaking. Before the three strands of austerity, he says what the austerity of the body is.
The verse
Worship of the gods, the twice-born, the teacher, and the wise, cleanliness, straightness, ब्रह्मचर्य, and non-harm are called the austerity of the body.
नेपालीमा
देवता, द्विज, गुरु र ज्ञानीको पूजा, सफाई, सोझोपन, ब्रह्मचर्य र अहिंसालाई शरीरको तप भनिन्छ।
Where it sits
Sacrifice has its three kinds. Austerity will have three kinds too, at 17.17, but first he has to say what is being sorted. Body here, speech in 17.15, mind in 17.16. The strands come after the three seats.
Split: देव-द्विज-गुरु-प्राज्ञ-पूजनम् + शौचम् + आर्जवम् + ब्रह्मचर्यम् + अहिंसा + च + शारीरम् + तपः + उच्यते
deva-dvija-guru-prājña-pūjanam + śaucam + ārjavam + brahmacaryam + ahiṃsā + ca + śārīram + tapaḥ + ucyate
Sanskrit, in depth
The words
| देवनागरी | Word | Grammar | Sense |
|---|---|---|---|
| देव-द्विज-गुरु-प्राज्ञ-पूजनम् | deva-dvija-guru-prājña-pūjanam | nominative singular | worship of gods, twice-born, the teacher, and the wise. pūjana (पूजन) "worship." dvija (द्विज) "twice-born." prājña (प्राज्ञ) "one who knows." |
| शौचम् | śaucam | nominative singular | cleanliness. |
| आर्जवम् | ārjavam | nominative singular | straightness. From ṛju (ऋजु) "straight." |
| ब्रह्मचर्यम् | brahmacaryam | nominative singular | the conduct of walking in brahma (ब्रह्म): continence, the student's way. |
| अहिंसा | ahiṃsā | nominative singular | non-harm. Feminine, in a list with neuters. |
| च | ca | indeclinable | and. |
| शारीरम् | śārīram | nominative singular neuter | of the body. Agrees with tapaḥ (तपः). |
| तपः | tapaḥ | nominative singular | austerity. |
| उच्यते | ucyate | present passive, 3rd singular | is called. |
The phrases
देवद्विजगुरुप्राज्ञपूजनम् शौचम् आर्जवम् devadvijaguruprājñapūjanam śaucam ārjavam is worship, cleanliness, and straightness. The long compound is one act of worship offered to four, not four separate austerities.
ब्रह्मचर्यम् अहिंसा च brahmacaryam ahiṃsā ca completes the list. The student's continence, and non-harm. ahiṃsā (अहिंसा) is feminine. The rest of the list is neuter. They share the verb anyway.
śārīram tapaḥ ucyate (शारीरम् तपः उच्यते) names the list. This is called austerity of the body. One predicate, singular, for the whole list.
Sanskrit in this line
तपः + उच्यते tapaḥ + ucyate is recited tapa ucyate (तप उच्यते). aḥ (अः) before a vowel other than short a (अ) drops, and no r (र्) takes its place. The u (उ) of ucyate (उच्यते) stays. This is the same meeting at the end of 17.15 and 17.16. iḥ (इः) and uḥ (उः) would have become r (र्). aḥ (अः) does not.
Say it back
The body's list, closed by śārīram tapaḥ (शारीरम् तपः). If mauna (मौन) or a true sentence is put in this list, you have the wrong seat. Stay here.