18.17
यस्य नाहंकृतो भावो
बुद्धिर्यस्य न लिप्यते ।
हत्वाऽपि स इमाँल्लोकान्
न हन्ति न निबध्यते ॥
yasya nāhaṃkṛto bhāvo buddhir yasya na lipyate
hatvā 'pi sa imāṃl lokān na hanti na nibadhyate
Kṛṣṇa (कृष्ण) is still speaking, to Arjuna (अर्जुन). The man of 18.16 saw wrongly. This is the man whose seeing is clean.
The verse
He whose state is not "I did this," and whose understanding is not stained, even having killed these people does not kill and is not bound.
नेपालीमा
जसको भावमा मैले यो गरेँ भन्ने छैन, र जसको बुझाइमा दाग लागेको छैन, त्यसले यी मानिसहरूलाई मारे पनि मार्दैन र बाँधिँदैन।
Where it sits
18.16 put the self alone in the doer's place, and this is the other man: the state "I did this" is absent, the understanding is unstained, and the act does not bind him. 18.18 sorts the act into threes, and the guṇa (गुण)s take over from there.
Split: यस्य + न + अहम्-कृतः + भावः + बुद्धिः + यस्य + न + लिप्यते + हत्वा + अपि + सः + इमान् + लोकान् + न + हन्ति + न + निबध्यते
yasya + na + aham-kṛtaḥ + bhāvaḥ + buddhiḥ + yasya + na + lipyate + hatvā + api + saḥ + imān + lokān + na + hanti + na + nibadhyate
Sanskrit, in depth
The words
| देवनागरी | Word | Grammar | Sense |
|---|---|---|---|
| यस्य | yasya | genitive singular | whose. |
| न | na | indeclinable | not. |
| अहम्-कृतः | aham-kṛtaḥ | nominative singular | made of "I." The state "I did this." |
| भावः | bhāvaḥ | nominative singular | state. Feeling. |
| बुद्धिः | buddhiḥ | nominative singular | understanding. |
| यस्य | yasya | genitive singular | whose. |
| न | na | indeclinable | not. |
| लिप्यते | lipyate | present, 3rd singular, passive of lip (लिप्) | is smeared. Is stained. |
| हत्वा | hatvā | gerund of han (हन्) | having killed. |
| अपि | api | indeclinable | even. |
| सः | saḥ | nominative singular | he. |
| इमान् | imān | accusative plural masculine | these. |
| लोकान् | lokān | accusative plural | worlds. People. |
| न | na | indeclinable | not. |
| हन्ति | hanti | present, 3rd singular of han (हन्) | he kills. |
| न | na | indeclinable | not. |
| निबध्यते | nibadhyate | present, 3rd singular, passive of ni-bandh (नि-बन्ध्) | he is bound. |
The phrases
yasya na aham-kṛtaḥ bhāvaḥ (यस्य न अहम्-कृतः भावः) is the first mark. Whose state is not the "I did it." na aham-kṛtaḥ (न अहम्-कृतः) is nāhaṃkṛtaḥ (नाहंकृतः). bhāvaḥ buddhiḥ (भावः बुद्धिः) is recited across the quarter as bhāvo buddhiḥ (भावो बुद्धिः).
buddhiḥ yasya na lipyate (बुद्धिः यस्य न लिप्यते) is the second mark. Whose understanding is not stained. buddhiḥ yasya (बुद्धिः यस्य) is buddhir yasya (बुद्धिर्यस्य).
hatvā api saḥ imān lokān na hanti na nibadhyate (हत्वा अपि सः इमान् लोकान् न हन्ति न निबध्यते) is the consequence. Even having killed these worlds, he does not kill, and he is not bound. The line prints hatvā 'pi (हत्वाऽपि). saḥ imān (सः इमान्) is sa imān (स इमान्), the pronoun before a vowel. imān lokān (इमान् लोकान्) is imāṃl lokān (इमाँल्लोकान्).
Sanskrit in this line
imān lokān (इमान् लोकान्) is recited imāṃl lokān (इमाँल्लोकान्). n (न्) before l (ल्) does not stay a plain n (न्). It becomes the candrabindu, and the l (ल्) is doubled. The mark ँ is that nasal. It is not a vowel and not a word. The split is still इमान् + लोकान् imān + lokān. The printed hatvā 'pi (हत्वाऽपि) keeps api (अपि) visible with the avagraha. आ + अ ā + a ordinarily joins as ā (आ), which would be hatvāpi (हत्वापि). Recite the avagraha the line prints.
Say it back
Cover the English. Say the two "whose" clauses and the two things he does not do. If the candrabindu on imāṃl lokān (इमाँल्लोकान्) is a bare n (न्) and a single l (ल्), stay on the join.