18.59
यदहंकारमाश्रित्य
न योत्स्य इति मन्यसे ।
मिथ्यैष व्यवसायस्ते
प्रकृतिस्त्वां नियोक्ष्यति ॥
yad ahaṃkāram āśritya na yotsya iti manyase
mithyaiṣa vyavasāyas te prakṛtis tvāṃ niyokṣyati
Kṛṣṇa (कृष्ण) is still speaking, to Arjuna (अर्जुन).
The verse
If, resorting to ego, you think "I shall not fight," that resolve of yours is false; your nature will yoke you.
नेपालीमा
यदि अहंकारको आश्रय लिएर तिमी म लड्दिनँ भनी सोच्छौ भने, त्यो तिम्रो निश्चय मिथ्या हो। तिम्रो स्वभावले तिमीलाई जोड्नेछ।
Where it sits
The refusal is the one Arjuna (अर्जुन) has held since he sat down, and Kṛṣṇa (कृष्ण) calls it false because the nature that set the work of the kṣatriya (क्षत्रिय) will yoke him.
Split: यत् + अहंकारम् + आश्रित्य + न + योत्स्ये + इति + मन्यसे + मिथ्या + एषः + व्यवसायः + ते + प्रकृतिः + त्वाम् + नियोक्ष्यति
yat + ahaṃkāram + āśritya + na + yotsye + iti + manyase + mithyā + eṣaḥ + vyavasāyaḥ + te + prakṛtiḥ + tvām + niyokṣyati
Sanskrit, in depth
The words
| देवनागरी | Word | Grammar | Sense |
|---|---|---|---|
| यत् | yat | indeclinable | if, in that. |
| अहंकारम् | ahaṃkāram | accusative | ego. |
| आश्रित्य | āśritya | gerund | having resorted to. From ā-śri (आ-श्रि). |
| न | na | indeclinable | not. |
| योत्स्ये | yotsye | future, 1st singular, middle | I shall fight. From yudh (युध्). |
| इति | iti | indeclinable | thus. It closes the quoted thought. |
| मन्यसे | manyase | present, 2nd singular, middle | you think. From man (मन्). |
| मिथ्या | mithyā | indeclinable | falsely. |
| एषः | eṣaḥ | nominative | this. |
| व्यवसायः | vyavasāyaḥ | nominative | resolve, the decision you have settled on. |
| ते | te | genitive enclitic | your. |
| प्रकृतिः | prakṛtiḥ | nominative | nature. The own nature of 18.41. |
| त्वाम् | tvām | accusative | you. |
| नियोक्ष्यति | niyokṣyati | future, 3rd singular | will yoke, will compel. From ni-yuj (नि-युज्). |
The phrases
yad ahaṃkāram āśritya na yotsya iti manyase (यदहंकारमाश्रित्य न योत्स्य इति मन्यसे) quotes him. Resorting to ego, you think, "I shall not fight." iti (इति) closes the quote. The verb inside the quote is yotsye (योत्स्ये).
mithyaiṣa vyavasāyas te (मिथ्यैष व्यवसायस्ते) judges the thought. This resolve of yours is false.
prakṛtis tvāṃ niyokṣyati (प्रकृतिस्त्वां नियोक्ष्यति) is what will happen instead. Nature will yoke you. The nature is the svabhāva (स्वभाव) that fixes his work. His resolve does not outrank it.
Sanskrit in this line
योत्स्ये + इति yotsye + iti is recited yotsya iti (योत्स्य इति). e (ए) before a vowel other than a (अ) becomes a (अ), and the following vowel stays. The e (ए) of yotsye (योत्स्ये) is gone on the page. The verb is still "I shall fight." There is no avagraha, because the vowel that followed was i (इ), not a (अ).
Say it back
Cover the English. Say the thought he is holding, and what nature will do. If yotsye (योत्स्ये) is read as a noun, stay here.