18.58
मच्चित्तः सर्वदुर्गाणि
मत्प्रसादात्तरिष्यसि ।
अथ चेत्त्वमहंकारान्
न श्रोष्यसि विनङ्क्ष्यसि ॥
maccittaḥ sarvadurgāṇi matprasādāt tariṣyasi
atha cettvam ahaṃkārān na śroṣyasi vinaṅkṣyasi
Kṛṣṇa (कृष्ण) is still speaking, to Arjuna (अर्जुन).
The verse
With mind on me you will cross all hard places by my grace; but if from ego you will not hear, you will perish.
नेपालीमा
मन ममा राखेर तिमी मेरो कृपाले सबै कठिन ठाउँ तर्नेछौ। तर अहंकारले सुन्दैनौ भने तिमी नष्ट हुनेछौ।
Where it sits
The command now has two futures, crossing by a mind set on him and perishing when ahaṃkāra (अहंकार) refuses to hear, and the next verse names that refusal: he thinks he will not fight.
Split: मत्-चित्तः + सर्व-दुर्गाणि + मत्-प्रसादात् + तरिष्यसि + अथ + चेत् + त्वम् + अहंकारात् + न + श्रोष्यसि + विनङ्क्ष्यसि
mat-cittaḥ + sarva-durgāṇi + mat-prasādāt + tariṣyasi + atha + cet + tvam + ahaṃkārāt + na + śroṣyasi + vinaṅkṣyasi
Sanskrit, in depth
The words
| देवनागरी | Word | Grammar | Sense |
|---|---|---|---|
| मत्-चित्तः | mat-cittaḥ | nominative | one whose mind is on me. The command of 18.57, now as a condition. |
| सर्व-दुर्गाणि | sarva-durgāṇi | accusative plural | all hard places. durga (दुर्ग) is a difficult passage. |
| मत्-प्रसादात् | mat-prasādāt | ablative | by my grace. |
| तरिष्यसि | tariṣyasi | future, 2nd singular | you will cross. From tṛ (तृ). |
| अथ | atha | indeclinable | but, and now. The turn. |
| चेत् | cet | indeclinable | if. |
| त्वम् | tvam | nominative | you. |
| अहंकारात् | ahaṃkārāt | ablative | from I-making, out of ego. |
| न | na | indeclinable | not. |
| श्रोष्यसि | śroṣyasi | future, 2nd singular | you will hear. From śru (श्रु). |
| विनङ्क्ष्यसि | vinaṅkṣyasi | future, 2nd singular | you will perish. From vi-naś (वि-नश्). |
The phrases
maccittaḥ sarvadurgāṇi matprasādāt tariṣyasi (मच्चित्तः सर्वदुर्गाणि मत्प्रसादात्तरिष्यसि) is the promise. Mind on me, you will cross every hard place, by my grace. Three futures are coming. This is the first.
atha cettvam ahaṃkārān na śroṣyasi (अथ चेत्त्वमहंकारान्न श्रोष्यसि) is the other road. If, from ego, you will not hear. ahaṃkārāt (अहंकारात्) is the source of the refusal.
vinaṅkṣyasi (विनङ्क्ष्यसि) is the end of that road. You will perish. The subject is still tvam (त्वम्).
Sanskrit in this line
अहंकारात् + न ahaṃkārāt + na is recited ahaṃkārān na (अहंकारान्न). t (त्) before n (न्) becomes n (न्), and the n (न्) of na (न) stands beside it, so the join is written double. The quarter-break sits on that seam: the eighth syllable is the n (न्) that was t (त्), and na śroṣyasi (न श्रोष्यसि) is the next quarter. चेत् + त्वम् cet + tvam doubles the same way, as cettvam (चेत्त्वम्), t (त्) before t (त्).
Say it back
Cover the English. Say both futures, the crossing and the perishing. If ahaṃkārāt (अहंकारात्) is left out of the refusal, stay here.