18.61
ईश्वरः सर्वभूतानां
हृद्देशेऽर्जुन तिष्ठति ।
भ्रामयन्सर्वभूतानि
यन्त्रारूढानि मायया ॥
īśvaraḥ sarvabhūtānāṃ hṛddeśe 'rjuna tiṣṭhati
bhrāmayan sarvabhūtāni yantrārūḍhāni māyayā
Kṛṣṇa (कृष्ण) is still speaking, to Arjuna (अर्जुन).
The verse
The lord stands in the heart of all beings, O Arjuna, turning all beings by māyā (माया), mounted as they are on a machine.
नेपालीमा
हे अर्जुन, ईश्वर सबै प्राणीको हृदयमा उभिनुभएको छ, र यन्त्रमा चढेका सबै प्राणीलाई मायाले घुमाइरहनुहुन्छ।
Where it sits
Inside the yoke of 18.60 the lord stands in the heart, turning beings mounted on a machine, and the next verse says to go to him for refuge.
Split: ईश्वरः + सर्व-भूतानाम् + हृद्-देशे + अर्जुन + तिष्ठति + भ्रामयन् + सर्व-भूतानि + यन्त्र-आरूढानि + मायया
īśvaraḥ + sarva-bhūtānām + hṛd-deśe + arjuna + tiṣṭhati + bhrāmayan + sarva-bhūtāni + yantra-ārūḍhāni + māyayā
Sanskrit, in depth
The words
| देवनागरी | Word | Grammar | Sense |
|---|---|---|---|
| ईश्वरः | īśvaraḥ | nominative | the lord. |
| सर्व-भूतानाम् | sarva-bhūtānām | genitive plural | of all beings. |
| हृद्-देशे | hṛd-deśe | locative | in the place of the heart. hṛd (हृद्) is the heart. deśa (देश) is a region. |
| अर्जुन | arjuna | vocative | Arjuna (अर्जुन). |
| तिष्ठति | tiṣṭhati | present, 3rd singular | he stands. From sthā (स्था). |
| भ्रामयन् | bhrāmayan | present participle, causative, nominative | turning, causing to wander. From the causative of bhram (भ्रम्). Agrees with īśvaraḥ (ईश्वरः). |
| सर्व-भूतानि | sarva-bhūtāni | accusative plural | all beings. |
| यन्त्र-आरूढानि | yantra-ārūḍhāni | accusative plural | mounted on a machine. yantra (यन्त्र) is a contrivance. ārūḍha (आरूढ) is "mounted." Agrees with bhūtāni (भूतानि). |
| मायया | māyayā | instrumental | by māyā (माया). |
The phrases
īśvaraḥ sarvabhūtānāṃ hṛddeśe 'rjuna tiṣṭhati (ईश्वरः सर्वभूतानां हृद्देशेऽर्जुन तिष्ठति) is where the lord stands. In the heart of all beings. The genitive is whose heart. The locative is the place. The vocative only faces the hearer.
bhrāmayan sarvabhūtāni yantrārūḍhāni māyayā (भ्रामयन्सर्वभूतानि यन्त्रारूढानि मायया) is what he does while standing there. He turns all beings. They are mounted on a machine. The turning is by māyā (माया). bhrāmayan (भ्रामयन्) agrees with īśvaraḥ (ईश्वरः). yantra-ārūḍhāni (यन्त्र-आरूढानि) agrees with bhūtāni (भूतानि).
Sanskrit in this line
ए + अ e + a keeps the e (ए) and drops the a (अ). The dropped a (अ) is written ऽ, the avagraha. हृद्-देशे + अर्जुन hṛd-deśe + arjuna is recited hṛddeśe 'rjuna (हृद्देशेऽर्जुन). The a (अ) of arjuna (अर्जुन) is the vowel the sign stands for. You still hear the break.
Say it back
Cover the English. Say where the lord stands, and what he is doing to beings. If the heart is only Arjuna's (अर्जुन), stay here.