18.70
अध्येष्यते च य इमं
धर्म्यं संवादमावयोः ।
ज्ञानयज्ञेन तेनाहम्
इष्टः स्यामिति मे मतिः ॥
adhyeṣyate ca ya imaṃ dharmyaṃ saṃvādam āvayoḥ
jñānayajñena tenāham iṣṭaḥ syām iti me matiḥ
Kṛṣṇa (कृष्ण) is still speaking, to Arjuna (अर्जुन).
The verse
And who will study this righteous dialogue of ours, by that sacrifice of knowledge I would be worshipped by him: that is my thought.
नेपालीमा
र जसले हाम्रो यो धर्मयुक्त संवाद अध्ययन गर्ला, ज्ञानको त्यो यज्ञद्वारा उसले मलाई पूजा गरेको हुनेछ। त्यो मेरो विचार हो।
Where it sits
Studying this dialogue is an honor beside declaring it, a knowledge-sacrifice offered to him, and 18.71 extends the fruit to hearing.
Split: अध्येष्यते + च + यः + इमम् + धर्म्यम् + संवादम् + आवयोः + ज्ञान-यज्ञेन + तेन + अहम् + इष्टः + स्याम् + इति + मे + मतिः
adhyeṣyate + ca + yaḥ + imam + dharmyam + saṃvādam + āvayoḥ + jñāna-yajñena + tena + aham + iṣṭaḥ + syām + iti + me + matiḥ
Sanskrit, in depth
The words
| देवनागरी | Word | Grammar | Sense |
|---|---|---|---|
| अध्येष्यते | adhyeṣyate | future, 3rd singular, middle | he will study, he will recite. From adhi-i (अधि-इ), "go over, study." |
| च | ca | indeclinable | and. |
| यः | yaḥ | nominative | who. |
| इमम् | imam | accusative masculine | this. |
| धर्म्यम् | dharmyam | accusative masculine | righteous, in accord with dharma. Agrees with saṃvādam (संवादम्). |
| संवादम् | saṃvādam | accusative | dialogue. |
| आवयोः | āvayoḥ | genitive dual | of the two of us. |
| ज्ञान-यज्ञेन | jñāna-yajñena | instrumental | by the sacrifice of knowledge. |
| तेन | tena | instrumental | by him. The one who studies. |
| अहम् | aham | nominative | I. |
| इष्टः | iṣṭaḥ | nominative | worshipped, sacrificed to. |
| स्याम् | syām | optative, 1st singular | I would be. From as (अस्). |
| इति | iti | indeclinable | thus. It closes his view. |
| मे | me | genitive enclitic | my. |
| मतिः | matiḥ | nominative | thought, judgment. |
The phrases
adhyeṣyate ca ya imaṃ dharmyaṃ saṃvādam āvayoḥ (अध्येष्यते च य इमं धर्म्यं संवादमावयोः) is a second man, beside the one who declares it. Who will study this righteous dialogue of the two of us. āvayoḥ (आवयोः) is Kṛṣṇa (कृष्ण) and Arjuna (अर्जुन).
jñānayajñena tenāham iṣṭaḥ syām (ज्ञानयज्ञेन तेनाहमिष्टः स्याम्) is what that study is. By him, by the sacrifice that is knowledge, I would be worshipped. syām (स्याम्) is optative: this is his judgment of it, not a flat future.
iti me matiḥ (इति मे मतिः) names the sentence as his thought.
Sanskrit in this line
āvayoḥ (आवयोः) is the genitive dual of aham (अहम्), "of us two." The ending --yoḥ (योः) is the dual for this pronoun. यः + इमम् yaḥ + imam is ya imam (य इमम्), the same drop of visarga as ya idam (य इदम्) in 18.68. तेन + अहम् tena + aham is tenāham (तेनाहम्), because अ + अ a + a becomes ā (आ).
Say it back
Cover the English. Say what he studies, and what that study is. If the dialogue is only a battle report, stay here.