18.69
न च तस्मान्मनुष्येषु
कश्चिन्मे प्रियकृत्तमः ।
भविता न च मे तस्माद्
अन्यः प्रियतरो भुवि ॥
na ca tasmān manuṣyeṣu kaścin me priyakṛttamaḥ
bhavitā na ca me tasmād anyaḥ priyataro bhuvi
Kṛṣṇa (कृष्ण) is still speaking, to Arjuna (अर्जुन).
The verse
And no one among men does what is dearer to me than he, and there will be no other on earth dearer to me than he.
नेपालीमा
र मानिसहरूमध्ये उसभन्दा मलाई प्यारो काम गर्ने कोही छैन, र पृथ्वीमा उसभन्दा मलाई प्यारो अर्को कोही हुनेछैन।
Where it sits
That man stands above every other doer of what is dear, and the next verse counts study of the dialogue as itself a sacrifice.
Split: न + च + तस्मात् + मनुष्येषु + कश्चित् + मे + प्रिय-कृत्-तमः + भविता + न + च + मे + तस्मात् + अन्यः + प्रियतरः + भुवि
na + ca + tasmāt + manuṣyeṣu + kaścit + me + priya-kṛt-tamaḥ + bhavitā + na + ca + me + tasmāt + anyaḥ + priyataraḥ + bhuvi
Sanskrit, in depth
The words
| देवनागरी | Word | Grammar | Sense |
|---|---|---|---|
| न | na | indeclinable | not. |
| च | ca | indeclinable | and. |
| तस्मात् | tasmāt | ablative | than him. The man of 18.68. |
| मनुष्येषु | manuṣyeṣu | locative plural | among men. |
| कश्चित् | kaścit | nominative | anyone. |
| मे | me | dative enclitic | to me. |
| प्रिय-कृत्-तमः | priya-kṛt-tamaḥ | nominative | the one who most does what is dear. kṛt (कृत्) is "doing." --tama (तम) is "most." |
| भविता | bhavitā | periphrastic future, nominative | he will be. From bhū (भू). |
| न | na | indeclinable | not. |
| च | ca | indeclinable | and. |
| मे | me | dative enclitic | to me. |
| तस्मात् | tasmāt | ablative | than him. |
| अन्यः | anyaḥ | nominative | another. |
| प्रियतरः | priyataraḥ | nominative | dearer. The comparative --tara (तर). |
| भुवि | bhuvi | locative of bhū (भू) | on the earth. |
The phrases
na ca tasmān manuṣyeṣu kaścin me priyakṛttamaḥ (न च तस्मान्मनुष्येषु कश्चिन्मे प्रियकृत्तमः) looks around at men now. There is no one among men who does what is dearer to me than he does.
bhavitā na ca me tasmād anyaḥ priyataro bhuvi (भविता न च मे तस्मादन्यः प्रियतरो भुवि) looks forward. And there will be no other on earth dearer to me than he. bhavitā (भविता) is the future. priyataraḥ (प्रियतरः) is the comparative, one step under the superlative priya-kṛt-tamaḥ (प्रिय-कृत्-तमः) of the first line.
Sanskrit in this line
bhavitā (भविता) is the periphrastic future of bhū (भू). The agent-noun in --tṛ (तृ) is used as the future: "he will be." It is not a past participle. तस्मात् + मनुष्येषु tasmāt + manuṣyeṣu is tasmān manuṣyeṣu (तस्मान्मनुष्येषु), and कश्चित् + मे kaścit + me is kaścin me (कश्चिन्मे), because t (त्) before m (म्) becomes n (न्).
Say it back
Cover the English. Say how he stands among men, now and later. If another man on earth is dearer, stay here.