1.5
Tattvārtha Sūtra / Adhyāya 1 / 1.5
नामस्थापनाद्रव्यभावतस् तन्न्यासः
nāmasthāpanādravyabhāvatas tannyāsaḥ
The line
That reality is set down by name, by a stand-in, by the substance, and by the present state.
नेपालीमा
त्यो तत्त्व नामले, स्थापनाले, द्रव्यले र अहिलेको भावले राखिन्छ।
Where it sits
1.4 gave the list. 1.5 stops you treating every use of a word as the same kind of use. 1.6 moves to how the list is learned.
Split: nāma-sthāpanā-dravya-bhāvatas (नाम-स्थापना-द्रव्य-भावतस्) + tat-nyāsaḥ (तत्-न्यासः)
Sanskrit, in depth
The words
| Word | Grammar | Sense |
|---|---|---|
| nāma-sthāpanā-dravya-bhāvatas (नाम-स्थापना-द्रव्य-भावतस्) | indeclinable, ablative in sense | by nāma (नाम), the name; by sthāpanā (स्थापना), a representation set up in place of the thing; by dravya (द्रव्य), the substance; by bhāva (भाव), the state it is in now. The -tas (-तस्) does the work of an ablative or an instrumental: 'by way of.' |
| tat-nyāsaḥ (तत्-न्यासः) | nominative singular, masculine | the setting-down of that. tat (तत्) is the tattva (तत्त्व) of 1.4. nyāsa (न्यास) is placing it, installing the word. |
The phrases
Nyāsaḥ (न्यासः) is the subject. The long compound says by which four ways the placing is done.
A statue of a tīrthaṅkara (तीर्थङ्कर) is sthāpanā (स्थापना). The word jīva (जीव) said of someone who is not a soul in the present moment can be dravya (द्रव्य), the substance that is a soul, or bhāva (भाव), the state. The line itself only names the four. It does not give the examples.
Sanskrit in this line
-tas (-तस्) on a compound is the sūtra (सूत्र)'s short instrumental. You will meet it again in 1.7. tat (तत्) in tannyāsaḥ (तन्न्यासः) is anuvṛtti (अनुवृत्ति) of the tattvam (तत्त्वम्) just named.
Say it back
Four ways. Say them, and say what tat (तत्) points back to.
Next
1.6. One reaches it by the means of knowing and by standpoints.