1.4.9
Mīmāṃsā Sūtra / Adhyāya 1 / 1.4.9
तद्गुणास् तु विधीयेरन्नविभागाद् विधानार्थे न चेदन्येन शिष्टाः
tadguṇās tu vidhīyerann avibhāgād vidhānārthe na ced anyena śiṣṭāḥ
The line
But the qualities of that rite are enjoined with it, because the sentence is undivided, unless another sentence has already taught them.
नेपालीमा
तर त्यो कर्मका गुण त्यसैसाथ विधि हुन्छन्, किनकि वाक्य अविभक्त छ, अर्को वाक्यले तिनीहरूलाई पहिले नै नसिकाएमा।
Where it sits
tu marks the case that is not the pure name of 1.4.2. vidhānārthe (विधानार्थे) is a sentence whose point is to enjoin, carried from the opening of this pāda (पाद). na cet anyena śiṣṭāḥ (शिष्टाः) keeps the agnihotra of 1.4.4 as the exception. avibhāgāt (अविभागात्) is the same refusal to split a sentence.
Split: tad-guṇāḥ (तद्-गुणाः) + tu (तु) + vidhīyeran (विधीयेरन्) + avibhāgāt (अविभागात्) + vidhāna-arthe (विधान-अर्थे) + na (न) + cet (चेत्) + anyena (अन्येन) + śiṣṭāḥ (शिष्टाः)
Sanskrit, in depth
The words
| Word | Grammar | Sense |
|---|---|---|
| tad-guṇāḥ (तद्-गुणाः) | nominative plural, masculine | the qualities of that |
| tu (तु) | indeclinable | but |
| vidhīyeran (विधीयेरन्) | third person plural, optative, passive, of vi-dhā (वि-धा) | they would be enjoined |
| avibhāgāt (अविभागात्) | ablative singular, masculine | because there is no division |
| vidhāna-arthe (विधान-अर्थे) | locative singular, masculine | when the sense is an injunction |
| na (न) | indeclinable | not |
| cet (चेत्) | indeclinable | if |
| anyena (अन्येन) | instrumental singular, neuter | by another |
| śiṣṭāḥ (शिष्टाः) | nominative plural, masculine | taught |
The phrases
The sentences include: the cake for Agni, on eight potsherds, takes place at the new moon and the full moon, and it is not omitted. The doubt is whether for Agni and for Agni-and-Soma enjoin qualities, or whether they are names.
The first view says they cannot be quality-injunctions, because one sentence would enjoin too many qualities, Agni and the cake and the eight potsherds. The decision is that the rite and its qualities are enjoined together. They are undivided in the word whose sense is the injunction. The cake is for Agni when it is given with Agni in mind. One cannot enjoin that connection and leave the things connected unenjoined.
The eight potsherds are partly a restatement. A cake prepared on potsherds is already known from the sentence that he cooks it on the potsherds, and they do not take one cooked by someone else. So the sentence does not split. But if another sentence has already taught the qualities, the word is a name, as with he offers the agnihotra.
Sanskrit in this line
The pāṭha (पाठ) writes vidhāyer (विधायेर्) annavibhāgād (अन्नविभागाद्). The verb is vidhīyeran (विधीयेरन्), third person plural, optative, passive. avibhāgāt (अविभागात्) follows it, and the final n meets the vowel. na cet is heard as na ced before anyena.
Say it back
Say that the eight-potsherd cake for Agni is enjoined as one sentence, and that the agnihotra stays a name because its qualities are taught elsewhere.
Next
1.4.10. Grass, butter, and the cake are class-words, not words for a thing already prepared.