10.3.20
Mīmāṃsā Sūtra / Adhyāya 10 / 10.3.20
विधेस् तु तत्र भावात् सन्देहे यस्य शब्दस् तदर्थः स्यात्
vidhes tu tatra bhāvāt sandehe yasya śabdas tadarthaḥ syāt
The line
Of an injunction but, there, because of a state, in sandeha (सन्देह), of of whom, whose, a word, that, the thing, the meaning, it would be, let it be granted.
Where it sits
In Mīmāṃsā (मीमांसा) Sūtra (सूत्र), adhyāya (अध्याय) 10. Bādha (बाध): when a transferred detail is excluded. The words of this line are the ones to keep. A shorter line after this one may leave them unsaid.
Split: vidheḥ (विधेः) + tu (तु) + tatra (तत्र) + bhāvāt (भावात्) + sandehe (सन्देहे) + yasya (यस्य) + śabdaḥ (शब्दः) + tad (तद्) + arthaḥ (अर्थः) + syāt (स्यात्)
Sanskrit, in depth
The words
| Word | Grammar | Sense |
|---|---|---|
| vidheḥ (विधेः) | genitive or ablative singular | an injunction |
| tu (तु) | indeclinable | but, and now |
| tatra (तत्र) | indeclinable | there |
| bhāvāt (भावात्) | ablative singular | a state |
| sandehe (सन्देहे) | locative singular, or nominative or accusative dual, neuter | sandeha (सन्देह) |
| yasya (यस्य) | genitive singular | of whom, whose |
| śabdaḥ (शब्दः) | nominative singular, masculine | a word |
| tad (तद्) | nominative or accusative singular, neuter | that |
| arthaḥ (अर्थः) | nominative singular, masculine | the thing, the meaning |
| syāt (स्यात्) | optative, third person singular | it would be, let it be granted |
The phrases
vidheḥ (विधेः) is an injunction. It stands as genitive or ablative singular. The line writes it vidhes. tu (तु) is but, and now. It stands as indeclinable. tatra (तत्र) is there. It stands as indeclinable. bhāvāt (भावात्) is a state. It stands as ablative singular. sandehe (सन्देहे) is sandeha (सन्देह). It stands as locative singular, or nominative or accusative dual, neuter.
yasya (यस्य) is of whom, whose. It stands as genitive singular. śabdaḥ (शब्दः) is a word. It stands as nominative singular, masculine. The line writes it śabdas (शब्द). tad (तद्) is that. It stands as nominative or accusative singular, neuter. arthaḥ (अर्थः) is the thing, the meaning. It stands as nominative singular, masculine. The line joins them as tadarthaḥ (तदर्थः). syāt (स्यात्) is it would be, let it be granted. It stands as optative, third person singular.
Sanskrit in this line
sandehe (सन्देहे) is locative singular, or nominative or accusative dual, neuter. That ending is the work an English preposition would do. The line writes it vidhes. The line writes it śabdas (शब्द). The line joins them as tadarthaḥ (तदर्थः).
Say it back
Cover the English. Gloss vidheḥ (विधेः) and tatra (तत्र).