12.3.18
Mīmāṃsā Sūtra / Adhyāya 12 / 12.3.18
विकारः कारणाग्रहणे तन्न्यायत्वाद् दृष्टेऽप्येवम्
vikāraḥ kāraṇāgrahaṇe tannyāyatvād dṛṣṭe 'py evam
The line
A transformation, in a compound: kāraṇā (कारणा), and a grasping, because of a compound: that, the rule, the right way, and the state of being that, in seen, also, even. api before a vowel thus.
Where it sits
In Mīmāṃsā (मीमांसा) Sūtra (सूत्र), adhyāya (अध्याय) 12. Prasaṅga (प्रसङ्ग), incidental application, and vikalpa (विकल्प), option. The words of this line are the ones to keep. A shorter line after this one may leave them unsaid.
Split: vikāraḥ (विकारः) + kāraṇā-grahaṇe (कारणा-ग्रहणे) + tat-nyāya-tvāt (तत्-न्याय-त्वात्) + dṛṣṭe (दृष्टे) + apy (अप्य्) + evam (एवम्)
Sanskrit, in depth
The words
| Word | Grammar | Sense |
|---|---|---|
| vikāraḥ (विकारः) | nominative singular, masculine | a transformation |
| kāraṇā-grahaṇe (कारणा-ग्रहणे) | locative singular, or nominative or accusative dual, neuter | a compound: kāraṇā (कारणा), and a grasping. Read it from the end |
| tat-nyāya-tvāt (तत्-न्याय-त्वात्) | ablative singular | a compound: that, the rule, the right way, and the state of being that. Read it from the end |
| dṛṣṭe (दृष्टे) | locative singular, or nominative or accusative dual, neuter | seen |
| apy (अप्य्) | indeclinable | also, even. api before a vowel |
| evam (एवम्) | indeclinable | in this way |
The phrases
vikāraḥ (विकारः) is a transformation. It stands as nominative singular, masculine. kāraṇā-grahaṇe (कारणा-ग्रहणे) is a compound: kāraṇā (कारणा), and a grasping. Read it from the end. It stands as locative singular, or nominative or accusative dual, neuter. tat-nyāya-tvāt (तत्-न्याय-त्वात्) is a compound: that, the rule, the right way, and the state of being that. Read it from the end. It stands as ablative singular. The line writes it tannyāyatvād (तन्न्यायत्वाद्).
dṛṣṭe (दृष्टे) is seen. It stands as locative singular, or nominative or accusative dual, neuter. apy (अप्य्) is also, even. api before a vowel. It stands as indeclinable. The apostrophe marks an a that was dropped. evam (एवम्) is in this way. It stands as indeclinable.
Sanskrit in this line
kāraṇā-grahaṇe (कारणा-ग्रहणे) is one compound. The hyphen is a teaching mark. Only the last member wears the case. The line writes it tannyāyatvād (तन्न्यायत्वाद्). The apostrophe marks an a that was dropped.
Say it back
Cover the English. Gloss vikāraḥ (विकारः) and kāraṇā-grahaṇe (कारणा-ग्रहणे).