3.2.12
Mīmāṃsā Sūtra / Adhyāya 3 / 3.2.12
उपदेशो वा याज्याशब्दो हि नाकस्मात्
upadeśo vā yājyāśabdo hi nākasmāt
The line
Teaching or, a compound: yājyā (याज्या), and a word. Not because of from what, why.
Where it sits
In Mīmāṃsā (मीमांसा) Sūtra (सूत्र), adhyāya (अध्याय) 3. Śeṣa (शेष), the subsidiary. How you tell what serves a rite and what the rite serves. The words of this line are the ones to keep. A shorter line after this one may leave them unsaid.
Split: upadeśaḥ (उपदेशः) + vā (वा) + yājyā-śabdaḥ (याज्या-शब्दः) + hi (हि) + nā (ना) + kasmāt (कस्मात्)
Sanskrit, in depth
The words
| Word | Grammar | Sense |
|---|---|---|
| upadeśaḥ (उपदेशः) | nominative singular, masculine | teaching |
| vā (वा) | indeclinable | or |
| yājyā-śabdaḥ (याज्या-शब्दः) | nominative singular, masculine | a compound: yājyā (याज्या), and a word. Read it from the end |
| hi (हि) | indeclinable | for, indeed |
| nā (ना) | indeclinable | not |
| kasmāt (कस्मात्) | ablative singular | from what, why |
The phrases
upadeśaḥ (उपदेशः) is teaching. It stands as nominative singular, masculine. The line writes it upadeśo (उपदेशो). vā (वा) is or. It stands as indeclinable. yājyā-śabdaḥ (याज्या-शब्दः) is a compound: yājyā (याज्या), and a word. Read it from the end. It stands as nominative singular, masculine. The line writes it yājyāśabdo (याज्याशब्दो).
hi (हि) is for, indeed. It stands as indeclinable. nā (ना) is not. It stands as indeclinable. kasmāt (कस्मात्) is from what, why. It stands as ablative singular. The line joins them as nākasmāt (नाकस्मात्).
Sanskrit in this line
yājyā-śabdaḥ (याज्या-शब्दः) is one compound. The hyphen is a teaching mark. Only the last member wears the case. The line writes it upadeśo (उपदेशो). The line writes it yājyāśabdo (याज्याशब्दो). The line joins them as nākasmāt (नाकस्मात्).
Say it back
Cover the English. Gloss upadeśaḥ (उपदेशः) and yājyā-śabdaḥ (याज्या-शब्दः).
Next
3.2.13. sadevatārthas (सदेवतार्थ), because of a compound: that, and conjunction.