4.1.20
Mīmāṃsā Sūtra / Adhyāya 4 / 4.1.20
स्याद् वा द्रव्यचिकीर्षायां भावोऽर्थे च गुणभूतताश्रयाद् धि गुणीभावः
syād vā dravyacikīrṣāyāṃ bhāvo 'rthe ca guṇabhūtatāśrayād dhi guṇībhāvaḥ
The line
It would be. syāt (स्यात्) before a voiced sound or, of a compound: a substance, cikī (चिकी), and rṣāya (र्षाय), a being, a state. bhāvaḥ (भावः) before a voiced sound, in in the thing, in the meaning and, because of a compound: what stands as subordinate, the state of being that, and a seat, a support, in a thought, a compound: guṇī (गुणी), and a state.
Where it sits
In Mīmāṃsā (मीमांसा) Sūtra (सूत्र), adhyāya (अध्याय) 4. What is for the rite, and what is for the person. The words of this line are the ones to keep. A shorter line after this one may leave them unsaid.
Split: syād (स्याद्) + vā (वा) + dravya-cikī-rṣāyāṃ (द्रव्य-चिकी-र्षायां) + bhāvo (भावो) + arthe (अर्थे) + ca (च) + guṇabhūta-tā-āśrayāt (गुणभूत-ता-आश्रयात्) + dhi (धि) + guṇī-bhāvaḥ (गुणी-भावः)
Sanskrit, in depth
The words
| Word | Grammar | Sense |
|---|---|---|
| syād (स्याद्) | optative, third person singular | it would be. syāt (स्यात्) before a voiced sound |
| vā (वा) | indeclinable | or |
| dravya-cikī-rṣāyāṃ (द्रव्य-चिकी-र्षायां) | genitive plural, or accusative singular, feminine | a compound: a substance, cikī (चिकी), and rṣāya (र्षाय). Read it from the end |
| bhāvo (भावो) | nominative singular, masculine | a being, a state. bhāvaḥ (भावः) before a voiced sound |
| arthe (अर्थे) | locative singular | in the thing, in the meaning |
| ca (च) | indeclinable | and |
| guṇabhūta-tā-āśrayāt (गुणभूत-ता-आश्रयात्) | ablative singular | a compound: what stands as subordinate, the state of being that, and a seat, a support. Read it from the end |
| dhi (धि) | locative singular, or nominative singular | a thought |
| guṇī-bhāvaḥ (गुणी-भावः) | nominative singular, masculine | a compound: guṇī (गुणी), and a state. Read it from the end |
The phrases
syād (स्याद्) is it would be. syāt (स्यात्) before a voiced sound. It stands as optative, third person singular. vā (वा) is or. It stands as indeclinable. dravya-cikī-rṣāyāṃ (द्रव्य-चिकी-र्षायां) is a compound: a substance, cikī (चिकी), and rṣāya (र्षाय). Read it from the end. It stands as genitive plural, or accusative singular, feminine. bhāvo (भावो) is a being, a state. bhāvaḥ (भावः) before a voiced sound. It stands as nominative singular, masculine. arthe (अर्थे) is in the thing, in the meaning. It stands as locative singular. The apostrophe marks an a that was dropped.
ca (च) is and. It stands as indeclinable. guṇabhūta-tā-āśrayāt (गुणभूत-ता-आश्रयात्) is a compound: what stands as subordinate, the state of being that, and a seat, a support. Read it from the end. It stands as ablative singular. The line writes it guṇabhūtatāśrayād (गुणभूतताश्रयाद्). dhi (धि) is a thought. It stands as locative singular, or nominative singular. guṇī-bhāvaḥ (गुणी-भावः) is a compound: guṇī (गुणी), and a state. Read it from the end. It stands as nominative singular, masculine.
Sanskrit in this line
guṇabhūta-tā-āśrayāt (गुणभूत-ता-आश्रयात्) is one compound. The hyphen is a teaching mark. Only the last member wears the case. The apostrophe marks an a that was dropped. The line writes it guṇabhūtatāśrayād (गुणभूतताश्रयाद्).
Say it back
Cover the English. Gloss syād (स्याद्) and dravya-cikī-rṣāyāṃ (द्रव्य-चिकी-र्षायां).