1.1.23
Vaiśeṣika Sūtra / Adhyāya 1 / 1.1.23
द्रव्याणां द्रव्यं कार्यं सामान्यम्
dravyāṇāṃ dravyaṃ kāryaṃ sāmānyam
The line
A substance is the common effect of substances.
नेपालीमा
द्रव्य द्रव्यहरूको साझा कार्य हो।
Where it sits
1.1.21 said action does not cause substances. This line says what does, on the side of the effect: substances cause a substance. 1.1.10 already said they produce another substance. The word sāmānyam (सामान्यम्) ties the claim to the causal survey.
Split: dravyāṇām (द्रव्याणाम्) + dravyam (द्रव्यम्) + kāryam (कार्यम्) + sāmānyam (सामान्यम्)
Sanskrit, in depth
The words
| Word | Grammar | Sense |
|---|---|---|
| dravyāṇām (द्रव्याणाम्) | genitive plural, neuter | of substances. The causes. |
| dravyam (द्रव्यम्) | nominative singular, neuter | a substance. |
| kāryam (कार्यम्) | nominative singular, neuter | the effect. |
| sāmānyam (सामान्यम्) | nominative singular, neuter | common. |
The phrases
Turn 1.1.18 around. There, substance was the common cause. Here, substance is the common effect of substances.
Threads, substances, have as their common product a cloth, a substance. The line says that and stops.
Sanskrit in this line
kāryam (कार्यम्) replaces kāraṇam (कारणम्). The rest of the shape is the shape of 1.1.18. Watch which of those two words a line is using.
Say it back
Is substance, in this line, the cause or the effect?
Next
1.1.24. Actions do not produce an action, because they are unlike qualities.