1.2.11
Vaiśeṣika Sūtra / Adhyāya 1 / 1.2.11
अनेकद्रव्यवत्त्वेन द्रव्यत्वमुक्तम्
anekadravyavattvena dravyatvam uktam
The line
Substanceness is declared by its occurrence in many substances.
नेपालीमा
द्रव्यत्व धेरै द्रव्यमा रहेकाले भनिन्छ।
Where it sits
sattā (सत्ता) was known by the word sat in all three categories. dravyatva is known inside substances only. 1.2.12 adds the refrain. Then 1.2.13 and 1.2.15 do quality and action.
Split: aneka-dravya-vattvena (अनेक-द्रव्य-वत्त्वेन) + dravyatvam (द्रव्यत्वम्) + uktam (उक्तम्)
Sanskrit, in depth
The words
| Word | Grammar | Sense |
|---|---|---|
| aneka-dravya-vattvena (अनेक-द्रव्य-वत्त्वेन) | instrumental singular, neuter | by its possessing many substances. By occurring in more than one substance. aneka is not-one. |
| dravyatvam (द्रव्यत्वम्) | nominative singular, neuter | substanceness. |
| uktam (उक्तम्) | nominative singular, neuter | is declared. Has been stated, by this mark. |
The phrases
A universal is known by recurrence in many. Substanceness is what is there in earth and in water and in the rest, the many substances.
uktam does not mean 'we said this earlier and will not repeat it.' It means the definition is hereby given.
Sanskrit in this line
vattva is 'the having of.' The instrumental is the mark by which the universal is stated. aneka keeps unity from being enough: one substance would not show a universal.
Say it back
In how many substances must substanceness be found?