5.1.9
Vaiśeṣika Sūtra / Adhyāya 5 / 5.1.9
प्रयत्नविशेषान्नोदन विशेषः
prayatnaviśeṣānnodana viśeṣaḥ
The line
A compound: effort, viśe (विशे), ṣānno (षान्नो), and dana (दन), a difference.
Where it sits
In Vaiśeṣika (वैशेषिक) Sūtra (सूत्र), adhyāya (अध्याय) 5. Action: movement in the hand, and what sets a thing moving. The line is short. udanaviśeṣābhāvānnordhvaṃ (उदनविशेषाभावान्नोर्ध्वं) from 5.1.8 is still in force. A sūtra (सूत्र) leaves a word out when the line before still holds it. That carrying is anuvṛtti (अनुवृत्ति).
Split: prayatna-viśe-ṣānno-dana (प्रयत्न-विशे-षान्नो-दन) + viśeṣaḥ (विशेषः)
Sanskrit, in depth
The words
| Word | Grammar | Sense |
|---|---|---|
| prayatna-viśe-ṣānno-dana (प्रयत्न-विशे-षान्नो-दन) | a compound, the ending is on the last member | a compound: effort, viśe (विशे), ṣānno (षान्नो), and dana (दन). Read it from the end |
| viśeṣaḥ (विशेषः) | nominative singular, masculine | a difference |
The phrases
prayatna-viśe-ṣānno-dana (प्रयत्न-विशे-षान्नो-दन) is a compound: effort, viśe (विशे), ṣānno (षान्नो), and dana (दन). Read it from the end. It stands as a compound, the ending is on the last member.
viśeṣaḥ (विशेषः) is a difference. It stands as nominative singular, masculine.
Sanskrit in this line
prayatna-viśe-ṣānno-dana (प्रयत्न-विशे-षान्नो-दन) is one compound. The hyphen is a teaching mark. Only the last member wears the case.
Say it back
Cover the English. Gloss prayatna-viśe-ṣānno-dana (प्रयत्न-विशे-षान्नो-दन) and viśeṣaḥ (विशेषः).
Next
5.1.10. A compound: noda (नोद), navi (नवि), śeṣā (शेषा), duda (दुद), sana (सन), and a difference.