2.23
नैनं छिन्दन्ति शस्त्राणि नैनं दहति पावकः ।
न चैनं क्लेदयन्त्यापो न शोषयति मारुतः ॥
nainaṃ chindanti śastrāṇi nainaṃ dahati pāvakaḥ
na cainaṃ kledayanty āpo na śoṣayati mārutaḥ
Kṛṣṇa (कृष्ण) continues, naming four agents, and none of them takes this one.
The verse
Weapons do not cut this one, fire does not burn him, the waters do not wet him, and the wind does not dry him.
नेपालीमा
हतियारले यसलाई काट्दैन, आगोले यसलाई जलाउँदैन, पानीले यसलाई भिजाउँदैन, र हावाले यसलाई सुकाउँदैन।
Where it sits
What 2.19 and 2.20 said cannot be killed, these four cannot touch, and weapons are named first because the field is full of them. The object of every verb is enam (एनम्).
Split: न + एनम् + छिन्दन्ति + शस्त्राणि + न + एनम् + दहति + पावकः + न + च + एनम् + क्लेदयन्ति + आपः + न + शोषयति + मारुतः
na + enam + chindanti + śastrāṇi + na + enam + dahati + pāvakaḥ + na + ca + enam + kledayanti + āpaḥ + na + śoṣayati + mārutaḥ
Sanskrit, in depth
The words
| देवनागरी | Word | Grammar | Sense |
|---|---|---|---|
| न | na | indeclinable | not. |
| एनम् | enam | accusative | this one. |
| छिन्दन्ति | chindanti | present, 3rd plural of chid (छिद्) | they cut. |
| शस्त्राणि | śastrāṇi | nominative plural | weapons. |
| न | na | indeclinable | not. |
| एनम् | enam | accusative | this one. |
| दहति | dahati | present, 3rd singular of dah (दह्) | it burns. |
| पावकः | pāvakaḥ | nominative | fire. |
| न | na | indeclinable | not. |
| च | ca | indeclinable | and. |
| एनम् | enam | accusative | this one. |
| क्लेदयन्ति | kledayanti | present, 3rd plural, causative of klid (क्लिद्) | they make wet. |
| आपः | āpaḥ | nominative plural | the waters. |
| न | na | indeclinable | not. |
| शोषयति | śoṣayati | present, 3rd singular, causative of śuṣ (शुष्) | it dries. |
| मारुतः | mārutaḥ | nominative | the wind. |
The phrases
na enam chindanti śastrāṇi (न एनम् छिन्दन्ति शस्त्राणि) is the weapons of the battle. They do not cut this one. The verb is plural with śastrāṇi (शस्त्राणि).
na enam dahati pāvakaḥ (न एनम् दहति पावकः) is fire. It does not burn this one. Singular verb, singular fire.
na ca enam kledayanti āpaḥ (न च एनम् क्लेदयन्ति आपः) is water. And the waters do not wet this one. क्लेदयन्ति + आपः kledayanti + āpaḥ is kledayanty āpaḥ (क्लेदयन्त्यापः). āpaḥ (आपः) before na (न) is āpo (आपो).
na śoṣayati mārutaḥ (न शोषयति मारुतः) is wind. It does not dry this one.
Sanskrit in this line
न + एनम् na + enam is recited nainam (नैनम्), three times, and च + एनम् ca + enam is cainam (चैनम्) once. अ + ए a + e becomes ai (ऐ). The e (ए) of enam (एनम्) is inside the ai (ऐ). Miss it and the four verbs have no object. Plural verbs with weapons and waters, singular verbs with fire and wind: the number is the check that you have the right subject.
Say it back
The four, each with its verb, and enam (एनम्) as the object every time.