2.24
अच्छेद्योऽयमदाह्योऽयमक्लेद्योऽशोष्य एव च ।
नित्यः सर्वगतः स्थाणुरचलोऽयं सनातनः ॥
acchedyo 'yam adāhyo 'yam akledyo 'śoṣya eva ca
nityaḥ sarvagataḥ sthāṇur acalo 'yaṃ sanātanaḥ
Kṛṣṇa (कृष्ण) continues, and the four verbs of 2.23 become four names.
The verse
This one is not to be cut, not to be burned, not to be wetted, and not to be dried; he is eternal, present everywhere, firm, unmoving, ancient.
नेपालीमा
यो काट्न नहुने, जलाउन नहुने, भिजाउन नहुने, र सुकाउन नहुने हो। ऊ नित्य छ, सर्वत्र रहेको छ, दृढ छ, अचल छ, पुरातन छ।
Where it sits
The claim of 2.23 is now what this one is called, the four gerundives beside nitya (नित्य), sarvagata (सर्वगत), sthāṇu (स्थाणु), acala (अचल), and sanātana (सनातन). The fight commanded at 2.18 stands, and a weapon does not reach this one.
Split: अच्छेद्यः + अयम् + अदाह्यः + अयम् + अक्लेद्यः + अशोष्यः + एव + च + नित्यः + सर्व-गतः + स्थाणुः + अचलः + अयम् + सनातनः
acchedyaḥ + ayam + adāhyaḥ + ayam + akledyaḥ + aśoṣyaḥ + eva + ca + nityaḥ + sarva-gataḥ + sthāṇuḥ + acalaḥ + ayam + sanātanaḥ
Sanskrit, in depth
The words
| देवनागरी | Word | Grammar | Sense |
|---|---|---|---|
| अच्छेद्यः | acchedyaḥ | nominative, gerundive | not to be cut. |
| अयम् | ayam | nominative | this one. |
| अदाह्यः | adāhyaḥ | nominative, gerundive | not to be burned. |
| अयम् | ayam | nominative | this one. |
| अक्लेद्यः | akledyaḥ | nominative, gerundive | not to be wetted. |
| अशोष्यः | aśoṣyaḥ | nominative, gerundive | not to be dried. |
| एव | eva | indeclinable | indeed. |
| च | ca | indeclinable | and. |
| नित्यः | nityaḥ | nominative | eternal. |
| सर्व-गतः | sarva-gataḥ | nominative | gone into all, present everywhere. |
| स्थाणुः | sthāṇuḥ | nominative | standing firm. |
| अचलः | acalaḥ | nominative | unmoving. |
| अयम् | ayam | nominative | this one. |
| सनातनः | sanātanaḥ | nominative | ancient, perpetual. |
The phrases
अच्छेद्यः अयम् अदाह्यः अयम् अक्लेद्यः अशोष्यः एव च acchedyaḥ ayam adāhyaḥ ayam akledyaḥ aśoṣyaḥ eva ca answers 2.23 name for name. Not to be cut, not to be burned, not to be wetted, and not to be dried. Each अः + अ aḥ + a is o ' (ओऽ). You hear acchedyo 'yam (अच्छेद्योऽयम्), adāhyo 'yam (अदाह्योऽयम्), akledyo 'śoṣya (अक्लेद्योऽशोष्य). अशोष्यः + एव aśoṣyaḥ + eva is aśoṣya eva (अशोष्य एव): before e (ए) the visarga drops and there is no avagraha.
nityaḥ sarvagataḥ sthāṇuḥ acalaḥ ayam sanātanaḥ (नित्यः सर्वगतः स्थाणुः अचलः अयम् सनातनः) adds the names that are not answers to a weapon. Eternal, present everywhere, firm, unmoving, ancient. स्थाणुः + अचलः sthāṇuḥ + acalaḥ is स्थाणुर् अचलः sthāṇur acalaḥ. अचलः + अयम् acalaḥ + ayam is acalo 'yam (अचलोऽयम्).
Sanskrit in this line
The four gerundives match the four verbs, and the a- (अ-) is "not to be." acchedya (अच्छेद्य) answers chindanti (छिन्दन्ति). adāhya (अदाह्य) answers dahati (दहति). akledya (अक्लेद्य) answers kledayanti (क्लेदयन्ति). aśoṣya (अशोष्य) answers śoṣayati (शोषयति). A gerundive says "to be done." With a- (अ-) it says "not to be done." Learn the four pairs as pairs. The avagraha chain is how you recite them, not a fifth doctrine.
Say it back
The four "not to be" words, each matched to cut, burn, wet, and dry.