2.28
अव्यक्तादीनि भूतानि व्यक्तमध्यानि भारत ।
अव्यक्तनिधनान्येव तत्र का परिदेवना ॥
avyaktādīni bhūtāni vyaktamadhyāni bhārata
avyaktanidhanāny eva tatra kā paridevanā
Kṛṣṇa (कृष्ण) continues, and the lament is made into a question.
The verse
Beings are unmanifest at the beginning, manifest in the middle, and unmanifest at the end, Bhārata; what lament is there in that?
नेपालीमा
हे भारत, प्राणीहरू आरम्भमा अव्यक्त हुन्छन्, बीचमा व्यक्त हुन्छन्, र अन्त्यमा अव्यक्त हुन्छन्। त्यसमा के विलाप छ?
Where it sits
Beings are unseen at both ends and seen in the middle, so the lament has nowhere to stand. This is the last "why the grief does not fit" verse before he says how seldom this one is known.
Split: अव्यक्त-आदीनि + भूतानि + व्यक्त-मध्यानि + भारत + अव्यक्त-निधनानि + एव + तत्र + का + परिदेवना
avyakta-ādīni + bhūtāni + vyakta-madhyāni + bhārata + avyakta-nidhanāni + eva + tatra + kā + paridevanā
Sanskrit, in depth
The words
| देवनागरी | Word | Grammar | Sense |
|---|---|---|---|
| अव्यक्त-आदीनि | avyakta-ādīni | nominative plural, bahuvrīhi (बहुव्रीहि) | whose beginnings are unmanifest. |
| भूतानि | bhūtāni | nominative plural | beings. |
| व्यक्त-मध्यानि | vyakta-madhyāni | nominative plural, bahuvrīhi (बहुव्रीहि) | whose middles are manifest. |
| भारत | bhārata | vocative | Bhārata. |
| अव्यक्त-निधनानि | avyakta-nidhanāni | nominative plural, bahuvrīhi (बहुव्रीहि) | whose ends are unmanifest. nidhana (निधन) is the end, the death. |
| एव | eva | indeclinable | indeed. |
| तत्र | tatra | indeclinable | in that, about that. |
| का | kā | nominative feminine | what. |
| परिदेवना | paridevanā | nominative feminine | lament, wailing. |
The phrases
avyaktādīni bhūtāni vyaktamadhyāni (अव्यक्तादीनि भूतानि व्यक्तमध्यानि) is the first two stages. Beings, unmanifest at the beginning, manifest in the middle. अव्यक्त + आदीनि avyakta + ādīni is avyaktādīni (अव्यक्तादीनि). Read each compound from the end.
avyaktanidhanāni eva (अव्यक्तनिधनानि एव) is the third. And unmanifest at the end, indeed. निधनानि + एव nidhanāni + eva is nidhanāny eva (निधनान्येव).
tatra kā paridevanā (तत्र का परिदेवना) is the question. What lament is there in that? kā (का) is feminine because paridevanā (परिदेवना) is feminine.
Sanskrit in this line
Three bahuvrīhi (बहुव्रीहि) compounds, all nominative plural neuter, all agreeing with bhūtāni (भूतानि). Read each from the end. ādi (आदि) is the beginning, madhya (मध्य) the middle, nidhana (निधन) the end. avyakta (अव्यक्त) is the unmanifest state of the beginning and of the end. vyakta (व्यक्त) is the manifest middle. kā paridevanā (का परिदेवना) is a question with no verb written. The verb is the being-there of the lament: "what lament is there?"
Say it back
The three stages, in order, and the question kā paridevanā (का परिदेवना).