5.13
सर्वकर्माणि मनसा संन्यस्यास्ते सुखं वशी ।
नवद्वारे पुरे देही नैव कुर्वन्न कारयन् ॥
sarvakarmāṇi manasā saṃnyasyāste sukhaṃ vaśī
navadvāre pure dehī naiva kurvanna kārayan
Kṛṣṇa (कृष्ण) continues. The renunciation he meant is now a man sitting, and the body is the city he sits in.
The verse
The embodied one, master of himself, having laid down all actions with the mind, sits at ease in the nine-gated city, not doing at all and not causing action to be done.
नेपालीमा
आफूलाई वशमा राख्ने शरीर बोक्नेले मनले सबै कर्म त्यागेर नौ द्वार भएको नगरमा सुखसँग बस्छ, आफैँ केही गर्दैन र अरूलाई केही गर्न लगाउँदैन।
Where it sits
The yoga of action has been chosen, and the fruit has been left. This verse seats that man in the body. The acts of the city go on at the gates. He does not call himself the one who does them, and he does not call himself the one who orders them.
Split: सर्व-कर्माणि + मनसा + संन्यस्य + आस्ते + सुखम् + वशी + नव-द्वारे + पुरे + देही + न + एव + कुर्वन् + न + कारयन्
sarva-karmāṇi + manasā + saṃnyasya + āste + sukham + vaśī + nava-dvāre + pure + dehī + na + eva + kurvan + na + kārayan
Sanskrit, in depth
The words
| देवनागरी | Word | Grammar | Sense |
|---|---|---|---|
| सर्व-कर्माणि | sarva-karmāṇi | accusative plural | all actions. |
| मनसा | manasā | instrumental singular | with the mind. |
| संन्यस्य | saṃnyasya | gerund of sam-ni-as (सम्-नि-अस्) | having laid down. |
| आस्ते | āste | present, 3rd singular of ās (आस्) | he sits. |
| सुखम् | sukham | accusative singular, adverbial | at ease. |
| वशी | vaśī | nominative singular of vaśin (वशिन्) | the master of himself. |
| नव-द्वारे | nava-dvāre | locative singular | in the nine-gated. |
| पुरे | pure | locative singular of pura (पुर) | in the city. |
| देही | dehī | nominative singular of dehin (देहिन्) | the embodied one. |
| न | na | indeclinable | not. |
| एव | eva | indeclinable | at all. |
| कुर्वन् | kurvan | present participle | doing. |
| न | na | indeclinable | not. |
| कारयन् | kārayan | present participle, causative of kṛ (कृ) | causing to do. |
The phrases
sarvakarmāṇi manasā saṃnyasya (सर्वकर्माणि मनसा संन्यस्य) is the laying down, and it is done with the mind. āste sukham vaśī (आस्ते सुखम् वशी) is the posture: the self-master sits at ease.
navadvāre pure (नवद्वारे पुरे) is where. A city with nine gates. The gates are the two eyes, the two ears, the two nostrils, the mouth, and the two lower ones. The city is the body. dehī (देही) is the one who lives in it.
na eva kurvan na kārayan (न एव कुर्वन् न कारयन्) is what he is not. He is not doing, and he is not making someone else do. Both participles are negated.
saṃnyasya āste (संन्यस्य आस्ते) is recited saṃnyasyāste (संन्यस्यास्ते). na eva (न एव) is recited naiva (नैव). kurvan na (कुर्वन् न) is recited kurvanna (कुर्वन्न).
Sanskrit in this line
kurvan (कुर्वन्) and kārayan (कारयन्) are the same root, kṛ (कृ). The simple participle means he is doing it. The causative participle means he is having it done. The causative stem puts --aya (अय) into the root, and the participle is built on that stem. The verse negates both. A man who has stopped doing and is still directing has kept the second one.
Say it back
Put him in the city, then say both negated participles. If kārayan (कारयन्) comes out as a second "doing," the causative is lost. Stay here.