6.36
असंयतात्मना योगो दुष्प्राप इति मे मतिः ।
वश्यात्मना तु यतता शक्योऽवाप्तुमुपायतः ॥
asaṃyatātmanā yogo duṣprāpa iti me matiḥ
vaśyātmanā tu yatatā śakyo 'vāptum upāyataḥ
Kṛṣṇa (कृष्ण) is still speaking.
The verse
Yoga is hard to reach by one whose self is unrestrained — that is my view — but by one who strives, his self in his control, it can be reached by the means.
नेपालीमा
जसले आत्मालाई संयममा राखेको छैन, त्यसलाई योग पुग्न गाह्रो छ, मेरो मत यही हो। तर जसले प्रयास गर्छ, आत्मा आफ्नै वशमा राखेर, ऊ साधनले पुग्न सक्छ।
Where it sits
6.35 gave the means. This verse says the means work for the man who has the self in hand and who keeps striving. Arjuna's next question is about the man who does not finish.
Split: असंयत-आत्मना + योगः + दुष्प्रापः + इति + मे + मतिः + वश्य-आत्मना + तु + यतता + शक्यः + अवाप्तुम् + उपायतः
asaṃyata-ātmanā + yogaḥ + duṣprāpaḥ + iti + me + matiḥ + vaśya-ātmanā + tu + yatatā + śakyaḥ + avāptum + upāyataḥ
Sanskrit, in depth
The words
| देवनागरी | Word | Grammar | Sense |
|---|---|---|---|
| असंयत-आत्मना | asaṃyata-ātmanā | instrumental singular | by one whose self is not held. |
| योगः | yogaḥ | nominative singular | yoga. |
| दुष्प्रापः | duṣprāpaḥ | nominative singular | hard to reach. |
| इति | iti | indeclinable | thus. Marks his view as a statement. |
| मे | me | genitive enclitic | my. |
| मतिः | matiḥ | nominative singular | view, judgment. |
| वश्य-आत्मना | vaśya-ātmanā | instrumental singular | by one whose self is in his own control. |
| तु | tu | indeclinable | but. |
| यतता | yatatā | instrumental singular | by one who is striving. Participle of yat (यत्). |
| शक्यः | śakyaḥ | nominative singular | possible. Agrees with yogaḥ (योगः). |
| अवाप्तुम् | avāptum | infinitive | to reach. ava-āp (अव-आप्). |
| उपायतः | upāyataḥ | indeclinable | by the means. |
The phrases
asaṃyatātmanā yogaḥ duṣprāpaḥ (असंयतात्मना योगः दुष्प्रापः) is the first judgment, and iti me matiḥ (इति मे मतिः) marks it as his. By a man whose self is unrestrained, yoga is hard to reach.
vaśyātmanā tu yatatā (वश्यात्मना तु यतता) is the other man: striving, his self in his control. शक्यः अवाप्तुम् उपायतः śakyaḥ avāptum upāyataḥ: it can be reached, by the means. The means were abhyāsa (अभ्यास) and vairāgya (वैराग्य) in 6.35.
yogaḥ (योगः) is yogo (योगो). duṣprāpaḥ iti (दुष्प्रापः इति) is duṣprāpa iti (दुष्प्राप इति). śakyaḥ avāptum (शक्यः अवाप्तुम्) is śakyo 'vāptum (शक्योऽवाप्तुम्).
Sanskrit in this line
śakyaḥ (शक्यः) is a gerundive-like adjective from śak (शक्), "be able," and it takes the infinitive avāptum (अवाप्तुम्). "Possible to reach." The person by whom it is possible is instrumental: vaśyātmanā (वश्यात्मना), yatatā (यतता). yatatā (यतता) is the instrumental of the present participle yatat (यतत्). Participles take case endings. This one is not an adverb. It is "by the striving one."
Say it back
Hard for whom, possible for whom. If yatatā (यतता) is left out, control of the self is made enough, and the verse asked for striving too.