6.40
श्रीभगवानुवाच
पार्थ नैवेह नामुत्र विनाशस्तस्य विद्यते ।
न हि कल्याणकृत्कश्चिद् दुर्गतिं तात गच्छति ॥
śrībhagavān uvāca
pārtha naiveha nāmutra vināśas tasya vidyate
na hi kalyāṇakṛt kaścid durgatiṃ tāta gacchati
Śrībhagavān (श्रीभगवान्) is speaking. He answers 6.37–6.39.
The verse
Kṛṣṇa (कृष्ण) said: Son of Pṛthā, his destruction is not found, neither here nor in the other world, for no one who does what is good goes to a bad path, dear one.
नेपालीमा
कृष्णले भने, हे पृथापुत्र, उसको नाश यहाँ पनि पाइँदैन, परलोकमा पनि पाइँदैन। किनकि कल्याण गर्ने कोही पनि कुबाटोमा जाँदैन, हे प्रिय।
Where it sits
This is the answer to the torn cloud. The man who fell is not destroyed. The rest of the chapter says where he does go: a good house, or a house of yogins, and at last the highest path. No good effort is lost.
Split: पार्थ + न + एव + इह + न + अमुत्र + विनाशः + तस्य + विद्यते + न + हि + कल्याण-कृत् + कः + चित् + दुर्गतिम् + तात + गच्छति
pārtha + na + eva + iha + na + amutra + vināśaḥ + tasya + vidyate + na + hi + kalyāṇa-kṛt + kaḥ + cit + durgatim + tāta + gacchati
Sanskrit, in depth
The words
| देवनागरी | Word | Grammar | Sense |
|---|---|---|---|
| पार्थ | pārtha | vocative | son of Pṛthā (पृथा). Arjuna. |
| न | na | indeclinable | not. |
| एव | eva | indeclinable | indeed. |
| इह | iha | indeclinable | here. |
| न | na | indeclinable | not. |
| अमुत्र | amutra | indeclinable | in the other world. |
| विनाशः | vināśaḥ | nominative singular | destruction. |
| तस्य | tasya | genitive singular | of him. The man of 6.37. |
| विद्यते | vidyate | present, 3rd singular, middle | is found. |
| न | na | indeclinable | not. |
| हि | hi | indeclinable | for. |
| कल्याण-कृत् | kalyāṇa-kṛt | nominative singular | one who does what is good. |
| कः | kaḥ | nominative singular | who. |
| चित् | cit | indeclinable | with kaḥ (कः), "anyone." |
| दुर्गतिम् | durgatim | accusative singular | a bad path. |
| तात | tāta | vocative | dear one. A tender address. |
| गच्छति | gacchati | present, 3rd singular | goes. |
The phrases
pārtha (पार्थ) turns to him, and tāta (तात) at the end is gentle. The man Arjuna pitied is tasya (तस्य).
na eva iha na amutra vināśaḥ tasya vidyate (न एव इह न अमुत्र विनाशः तस्य विद्यते): his destruction is not found here, and not in the other world. na hi kalyāṇakṛt kaścit durgatim gacchati (न हि कल्याणकृत् कश्चित् दुर्गतिम् गच्छति): no one who does what is good goes to a bad path.
na eva iha (न एव इह) is naiveha (नैवेह). na amutra (न अमुत्र) is nāmutra (नामुत्र). vināśaḥ tasya (विनाशः तस्य) is vināśastasya (विनाशस्तस्य). kaścit durgatim (कश्चित् दुर्गतिम्) is kaścid durgatim (कश्चिद् दुर्गतिम्).
Sanskrit in this line
न एव … न na eva … na is "neither … nor." na eva iha (न एव इह) is not a mild "not here." eva (एव) closes the door. Then na amutra (न अमुत्र) closes the other door. kaḥ cit (कः चित्) with na (न) is "not anyone," the same particle pair as kaḥ cana (कः चन) in 6.2. Before durgatim (दुर्गतिम्), the final t (त्) of cit (चित्) is recited d (द्).
Say it back
Neither here nor there, and who does not go to a bad path. If vināśaḥ (विनाशः) is said as though it happens, the na (न) has been dropped and the answer is ruined.