8.9
कविं पुराणमनुशासितारम्
अणोरणीयंसमनुस्मरेद्यः ।
सर्वस्य धातारमचिन्त्यरूपम्
आदित्यवर्णं तमसः परस्तात् ॥
kaviṃ purāṇam anuśāsitāram
aṇor aṇīyāṃsam anusmared yaḥ
sarvasya dhātāram acintyarūpam
ādityavarṇaṃ tamasaḥ parastāt
Kṛṣṇa (कृष्ण) continues. The line is longer than the eight-syllable verse. The sentence does not finish here. saḥ (सः) in 8.10 is the answer to this yaḥ (यः). Meter: triṣṭubh (त्रिष्टुभ्). Four quarters, eleven syllables each, forty-four in the verse.
The verse
Whoever would remember the seer, the ancient, the ruler, finer than the fine, the supporter of all, whose form cannot be thought, sun-colored, beyond darkness, is the man 8.10 follows to the end of the going.
नेपालीमा
द्रष्टा, प्राचीन, शासक, सूक्ष्मभन्दा सूक्ष्म, सबैलाई धान्ने, रूप सोच्न नसकिने, सूर्यको रङको, अन्धकारभन्दा पर रहेको पुरुषलाई जसले सम्झन्छ, त्यही हो जसलाई पछिको वचनले जानुको अन्त्यसम्म लैजान्छ।
Where it sits
8.8 said he goes to the supreme divine person while meditating. This verse says what that meditation is aimed at. It is one relative clause. The main verb of the going is not here. It is upaiti (उपैति) in 8.10, and the subject there is saḥ (सः), answering this yaḥ (यः).
Split: कविम् + पुराणम् + अनुशासितारम् + अणोः + अणीयंसम् + अनुस्मरेत् + यः + सर्वस्य + धातारम् + अचिन्त्य-रूपम् + आदित्य-वर्णम् + तमसः + परस्तात्
kavim + purāṇam + anuśāsitāram + aṇoḥ + aṇīyāṃsam + anusmaret + yaḥ + sarvasya + dhātāram + acintya-rūpam + āditya-varṇam + tamasaḥ + parastāt
Sanskrit, in depth
The words
| देवनागरी | Word | Grammar | Sense |
|---|---|---|---|
| कविम् | kavim | accusative | the seer. |
| पुराणम् | purāṇam | accusative | the ancient. |
| अनुशासितारम् | anuśāsitāram | accusative of anuśāsitṛ (अनुशासितृ) | the ruler, the one who sets the order. From anu-śās (अनु-शास्). |
| अणोः | aṇoḥ | ablative of aṇu (अणु) | than the minute. |
| अणीयंसम् | aṇīyāṃsam | accusative of the comparative aṇīyas (अणीयस्) | finer, smaller. |
| अनुस्मरेत् | anusmaret | optative, 3rd singular | he would remember, one should remember. |
| यः | yaḥ | nominative | who. |
| सर्वस्य | sarvasya | genitive | of all. |
| धातारम् | dhātāram | accusative of dhātṛ (धातृ) | the supporter, the one who sets things in place. From dhā (धा). |
| अचिन्त्य-रूपम् | acintya-rūpam | accusative, bahuvrīhi (बहुव्रीहि) | whose form cannot be thought. acintya (अचिन्त्य) "not to be thought." |
| आदित्य-वर्णम् | āditya-varṇam | accusative, bahuvrīhi (बहुव्रीहि) | sun-colored. āditya (आदित्य) "the sun," varṇa (वर्ण) "color." |
| तमसः | tamasaḥ | ablative of tamas (तमस्) | from darkness. |
| परस्तात् | parastāt | indeclinable | beyond, on the further side. |
The phrases
कविं पुराणम् अनुशासितारम् kaviṃ purāṇam anuśāsitāram is the start of a string of accusatives, all the object of anusmaret (अनुस्मरेत्). The seer, the ancient, the ruler. Three ways of naming the person 8.8 already called supreme and divine.
अणोः अणीयंसम् aṇoḥ aṇīyāṃsam is "finer than the fine." The ablative aṇoḥ (अणोः) is the standard of comparison. The accusative अणीयंसम् aṇīyāṃsam still describes the same person.
सर्वस्य धातारम् अचिन्त्यरूपम् आदित्यवर्णं तमसः परस्तात् sarvasya dhātāram acintyarūpam ādityavarṇaṃ tamasaḥ parastāt finishes the description. Supporter of everything, form past thought, the color of the sun, on the far side of darkness. parastāt (परस्तात्) takes the ablative tamasaḥ (तमसः). "Beyond darkness," not "darkness is beyond."
Sanskrit in this line
aṇoḥ (अणोः) is an ablative of comparison. The comparative aṇīyas (अणीयस्) means "finer," and the thing it is finer than stands in the ablative. अणोः अणीयंसम् aṇoḥ aṇīyāṃsam is "finer than the minute." The same ablative-of-comparison will return as paraḥ tasmāt (परः तस्मात्), "higher than that," in 8.20.
अनुस्मरेत् + यः anusmaret + yaḥ is recited anusmared yaḥ (अनुस्मरेद्यः). A final t (त्) before the voiced y (य्) becomes d (द्).
Say it back
The string of accusatives, then the man who remembers. If aṇoḥ (अणोः) comes out as "of the atom" with no "than," the comparison is gone.