10.20
अहमात्मा गुडाकेश सर्वभूताशयस्थितः ।
अहमादिश्च मध्यं च भूतानामन्त एव च ॥
aham ātmā guḍākeśa sarvabhūtāśayasthitaḥ
aham ādiś ca madhyaṃ ca bhūtānām anta eva ca
Kṛṣṇa (कृष्ण) continues. Before a single item of the list, he states what he is in every being.
The verse
I am the self, Guḍākeśa, seated in the heart of all beings; I am the beginning, the middle, and the end of beings.
नेपालीमा
हे गुडाकेश, म सबै प्राणीको हृदयमा बसेको आत्मा हुँ। म प्राणीहरूको आदि, मध्य र अन्त्य हुँ।
Where it sits
This is the verse to keep when the list gets long. He is the self seated in the heart of all beings. The moon, the lion, the dice-game, and the rest are about to be named as splendors. They are splendors of the one who is already this.
Split: अहम् + आत्मा + गुडाकेश + सर्व-भूत-आशय-स्थितः + अहम् + आदिः + च + मध्यम् + च + भूतानाम् + अन्तः + एव + च
aham + ātmā + guḍākeśa + sarva-bhūta-āśaya-sthitaḥ + aham + ādiḥ + ca + madhyam + ca + bhūtānām + antaḥ + eva + ca
Sanskrit, in depth
The words
| देवनागरी | Word | Grammar | Sense |
|---|---|---|---|
| अहम् | aham | nominative | I. |
| आत्मा | ātmā | nominative of ātman (आत्मन्) | the self. |
| गुडाकेश | guḍākeśa | vocative | Guḍākeśa (गुडाकेश). A name of Arjuna. guḍākā (गुडाका) is sleep. īśa (ईश) is lord. The one who has mastered sleep. |
| सर्व-भूत-आशय-स्थितः | sarva-bhūta-āśaya-sthitaḥ | nominative singular | seated in the heart of all beings. Recited sarvabhūtāśayasthitaḥ (सर्वभूताशयस्थितः). |
| अहम् | aham | nominative | I. |
| आदिः | ādiḥ | nominative singular | the beginning. |
| च | ca | indeclinable | and. |
| मध्यम् | madhyam | nominative singular | the middle. |
| च | ca | indeclinable | and. |
| भूतानाम् | bhūtānām | genitive plural | of beings. |
| अन्तः | antaḥ | nominative singular | the end. |
| एव | eva | indeclinable | indeed. |
| च | ca | indeclinable | and. |
The phrases
अहम् आत्मा गुडाकेश सर्वभूताशयस्थितः aham ātmā guḍākeśa sarvabhūtāśayasthitaḥ is the sentence that holds the list. He is the self, seated in the heart of all beings. āśaya (आशय) is the place one lies, the seat, the heart. sthitaḥ (स्थितः) is "seated, standing." The compound says where: in the heart of every being. The items that follow are splendors of this one.
अहम् आदिः च मध्यं च भूतानाम् अन्तः एव च aham ādiḥ ca madhyaṃ ca bhūtānām antaḥ eva ca is the same claim along time. Beginning, middle, and end of beings. ādiḥ (आदिः) was "the beginning of the gods and the sages" in 10.2. Here it is the beginning of beings, and the middle, and the end.
Sanskrit in this line
sarva-bhūta-āśaya-sthitaḥ (सर्व-भूत-आशय-स्थितः) is one compound. The last member, sthitaḥ (स्थितः), is what he is. The members before it name the place: the āśaya (आशय) of all beings. bhūta (भूत) + āśaya (आशय) is recited bhūtāśaya (भूताशय), because a (अ) + ā (आ) becomes ā (आ). The hyphen in the split puts the a (अ) back.
ādiḥ (आदिः) + ca (च) is ādiś ca (आदिश्च). Visarga after i (इ) before the voiceless c (च्) becomes ś (श्). antaḥ (अन्तः) + eva (एव) is anta eva (अन्त एव). aḥ (अः) before the vowel e (ए) drops, and the vowels do not merge.
Say it back
अहम् आत्मा aham ātmā, and the place. If the heart is left out and only "I am the self" remains, stay here. sarvabhūtāśayasthitaḥ (सर्वभूताशयस्थितः) is the sitting of this verse.