10.29
अनन्तश्चास्मि नागानां वरुणो यादसामहम् ।
पितॄणामर्यमा चास्मि यमः संयमतामहम् ॥
anantaś cāsmi nāgānāṃ varuṇo yādasām aham
pitṝṇām aryamā cāsmi yamaḥ saṃyamatām aham
Kṛṣṇa (कृष्ण) continues. Serpents were 10.28. Nāgas are this verse.
The verse
Of nāgas I am Ananta; of the creatures of the waters I am Varuṇa; of the ancestors I am Aryaman; of those who restrain I am Yama.
नेपालीमा
नागहरूमध्ये म अनन्त हुँ, जलका प्राणीहरूमध्ये म वरुण हुँ। पितृहरूमध्ये म अर्यमा हुँ, र नियन्त्रण गर्नेहरूमध्ये म यम हुँ।
Where it sits
The list is still examples. Yama among restrainers is one item, as Varuṇa among water-creatures is one item. The rule in 10.41 will cover both without a separate doctrine for each.
Split: अनन्तः + च + अस्मि + नागानाम् + वरुणः + यादसाम् + अहम् + पितॄणाम् + अर्यमा + च + अस्मि + यमः + संयमताम् + अहम्
anantaḥ + ca + asmi + nāgānām + varuṇaḥ + yādasām + aham + pitṝṇām + aryamā + ca + asmi + yamaḥ + saṃyamatām + aham
Sanskrit, in depth
The words
| देवनागरी | Word | Grammar | Sense |
|---|---|---|---|
| अनन्तः | anantaḥ | nominative | Ananta (अनन्त). The endless one. |
| च | ca | indeclinable | and. |
| अस्मि | asmi | present, 1st singular | I am. |
| नागानाम् | nāgānām | genitive plural | of nāgas. |
| वरुणः | varuṇaḥ | nominative | Varuṇa (वरुण). |
| यादसाम् | yādasām | genitive plural | of the creatures of the waters. |
| अहम् | aham | nominative | I. |
| पितॄणाम् | pitṝṇām | genitive plural | of the ancestors. |
| अर्यमा | aryamā | nominative of aryaman (अर्यमन्) | Aryaman (अर्यमन्). |
| च | ca | indeclinable | and. |
| अस्मि | asmi | present, 1st singular | I am. |
| यमः | yamaḥ | nominative | Yama (यम). |
| संयमताम् | saṃyamatām | genitive plural, present participle of saṃ-yam (संयम्) | of those who restrain. Of the controllers. |
| अहम् | aham | nominative | I. |
The phrases
अनन्तः च अस्मि नागानां वरुणः यादसाम् अहम् anantaḥ ca asmi nāgānāṃ varuṇaḥ yādasām aham keeps two water-groups apart. Of nāgas, Ananta. Of the creatures of the waters, Varuṇa. sarpāṇām (सर्पाणाम्) in 10.28 and nāgānām (नागानाम्) here are two genitives. The list does not collapse them.
पितॄणाम् अर्यमा च अस्मि यमः संयमताम् अहम् pitṝṇām aryamā ca asmi yamaḥ saṃyamatām aham is ancestors, then restrainers. Of the ancestors, Aryaman. Of those who restrain, Yama. Death as a name of its own comes later, at 10.34. Here Yama is the splendor among restrainers.
Sanskrit in this line
aryamā (अर्यमा) is the nominative of aryaman (अर्यमन्). A stem in --an (अन्), like ātman (आत्मन्), makes its nominative in --ā (आ). ātmā (आत्मा) in 10.20 was the same formation. The dictionary stem is not the form in the line. varuṇaḥ (वरुणः) + yādasām (यादसाम्) is varuṇo yādasām (वरुणो यादसाम्). aḥ (अः) before y (य्) becomes o (ओ).
Say it back
The two groups that are easy to merge. nāgānām (नागानाम्) with anantaḥ (अनन्तः), and the serpents of 10.28 left as their own line. If one name is made to serve both genitives, stay here.