10.33
अक्षराणामकारोऽस्मि द्वन्द्वः सामासिकस्य च ।
अहमेवाक्षयः कालो धाताहं विश्वतोमुखः ॥
akṣarāṇām akāro 'smi dvandvaḥ sāmāsikasya ca
aham evākṣayaḥ kālo dhātāhaṃ viśvatomukhaḥ
Kṛṣṇa (कृष्ण) continues. The list reaches grammar, then time and the ordainer.
The verse
Of letters I am the letter a (अ), and of compounds the dvandva; I am undecaying time, and I am the ordainer, faced every way.
नेपालीमा
अक्षरहरूमध्ये म अक्षर अ हुँ, र समासहरूमध्ये द्वन्द्व हुँ। म क्षय नहुने काल हुँ, र म सबैतिर मुख भएको विधाता हुँ।
Where it sits
The list turns around and includes the grammar it is made of. That is still an item, not a new subject. Time and the ordainer sit in the same verse as the letter a (अ). The frame holds.
Split: अक्षराणाम् + अकारः + अस्मि + द्वन्द्वः + सामासिकस्य + च + अहम् + एव + अक्षयः + कालः + धाता + अहम् + विश्वतस्-मुखः
akṣarāṇām + akāraḥ + asmi + dvandvaḥ + sāmāsikasya + ca + aham + eva + akṣayaḥ + kālaḥ + dhātā + aham + viśvatas-mukhaḥ
Sanskrit, in depth
The words
| देवनागरी | Word | Grammar | Sense |
|---|---|---|---|
| अक्षराणाम् | akṣarāṇām | genitive plural | of letters. Of syllables. |
| अकारः | akāraḥ | nominative | the letter a (अ). The sound a (अ) named as a word. |
| अस्मि | asmi | present, 1st singular | I am. |
| द्वन्द्वः | dvandvaḥ | nominative | the dvandva (द्वन्द्व). The compound whose members are joined as "and." |
| सामासिकस्य | sāmāsikasya | genitive singular | of what belongs to compounds. Of compound-making. |
| च | ca | indeclinable | and. |
| अहम् | aham | nominative | I. |
| एव | eva | indeclinable | alone. Indeed. |
| अक्षयः | akṣayaḥ | nominative | undecaying. a (अ) + kṣaya (क्षय), "decay." |
| कालः | kālaḥ | nominative | time. |
| धाता | dhātā | nominative of dhātṛ (धातृ) | the ordainer. The one who sets things in place. |
| अहम् | aham | nominative | I. |
| विश्वतस्-मुखः | viśvatas-mukhaḥ | nominative, bahuvrīhi (बहुव्रीहि) | faced every way. Whose face is turned to every side. Recited viśvatomukhaḥ (विश्वतोमुखः). |
The phrases
अक्षराणाम् अकारः अस्मि द्वन्द्वः सामासिकस्य च akṣarāṇām akāraḥ asmi dvandvaḥ sāmāsikasya ca is the letter and the compound. Of letters, the a (अ). Of compound-making, the dvandva. The list has been full of dvandvas: yakṣarakṣasām (यक्षरक्षसाम्), two groups under one ending. Of that kind of compound, he says he is that kind.
अहम् एव अक्षयः कालः धाता अहं विश्वतोमुखः aham eva akṣayaḥ kālaḥ dhātā ahaṃ viśvatomukhaḥ is time that does not decay, and the ordainer whose face is every way. kālaḥ (कालः) was the splendor of reckoners in 10.30. Here it is named again, with akṣayaḥ (अक्षयः).
Sanskrit in this line
A dvandva (द्वन्द्व) is a compound of the "and" kind. The members are both named, and one ending serves them. yakṣa-rakṣasām (यक्ष-रक्षसाम्) in 10.23 is one: yakṣas and rakṣases. sāmāsikasya (सामासिकस्य) is the genitive, "of the compounded." He is that compound among compounds.
akāraḥ (अकारः) + asmi (अस्मि) is akāro 'smi (अकारोऽस्मि). dhātā (धाता) is the nominative of dhātṛ (धातृ), an ṛ (ऋ)-stem, the same kind of nominative-in--ā (आ) as aryamā (अर्यमा).
Say it back
Of letters, akāraḥ (अकारः). Of compounds, dvandvaḥ (द्वन्द्वः). If dvandvaḥ (द्वन्द्वः) comes out as "a pair of gods," stay here. It is the compound.