10.34
मृत्युः सर्वहरश्चाहमुद्भवश्च भविष्यताम् ।
कीर्तिः श्रीर्वाक्च नारीणां स्मृतिर्मेधा धृतिः क्षमा ॥
mṛtyuḥ sarvaharaś cāham udbhavaś ca bhaviṣyatām
kīrtiḥ śrīr vāk ca nārīṇāṃ smṛtir medhā dhṛtiḥ kṣamā
Kṛṣṇa (कृष्ण) continues. Death and arising, then seven feminine names.
The verse
I am death, the seizer of all, and the arising of what will be; of women I am fame, fortune, speech, memory, intelligence, firmness, and patience.
नेपालीमा
म सबैलाई समात्ने मृत्यु हुँ, र हुन लागेका कुराको उदय हुँ। स्त्रीहरूमध्ये म यश, सम्पत्ति, वाणी, स्मृति, बुद्धि, दृढता र क्षमा हुँ।
Where it sits
Death is one item, arising is the next, and the seven names are items in a genitive. The list is near its close and has not changed its job. What is glorious in a group is what he claims. 10.41 is the rule that will say so for every group at once.
Split: मृत्युः + सर्व-हरः + च + अहम् + उद्भवः + च + भविष्यताम् + कीर्तिः + श्रीः + वाक् + च + नारीणाम् + स्मृतिः + मेधा + धृतिः + क्षमा
mṛtyuḥ + sarva-haraḥ + ca + aham + udbhavaḥ + ca + bhaviṣyatām + kīrtiḥ + śrīḥ + vāk + ca + nārīṇām + smṛtiḥ + medhā + dhṛtiḥ + kṣamā
Sanskrit, in depth
The words
| देवनागरी | Word | Grammar | Sense |
|---|---|---|---|
| मृत्युः | mṛtyuḥ | nominative | death. |
| सर्व-हरः | sarva-haraḥ | nominative | the seizer of all. Agrees with mṛtyuḥ (मृत्युः). |
| च | ca | indeclinable | and. |
| अहम् | aham | nominative | I. |
| उद्भवः | udbhavaḥ | nominative | the arising. The coming up. |
| च | ca | indeclinable | and. |
| भविष्यताम् | bhaviṣyatām | genitive plural of the future participle bhaviṣyant (भविष्यन्त्) | of things that will be. |
| कीर्तिः | kīrtiḥ | nominative | fame. |
| श्रीः | śrīḥ | nominative | fortune. Splendor. |
| वाक् | vāk | nominative of vāc (वाच्) | speech. |
| च | ca | indeclinable | and. |
| नारीणाम् | nārīṇām | genitive plural | of women. The group for the feminine names in this line. |
| स्मृतिः | smṛtiḥ | nominative | memory. |
| मेधा | medhā | nominative | intelligence. The power that holds what is learned. |
| धृतिः | dhṛtiḥ | nominative | firmness. Holding on. |
| क्षमा | kṣamā | nominative | patience. The same state named in 10.4. |
The phrases
मृत्युः सर्वहरः च अहम् उद्भवः च भविष्यताम् mṛtyuḥ sarvaharaḥ ca aham udbhavaḥ ca bhaviṣyatām puts death and arising on one line. He is death, the seizer of all, and he is the arising of what will be. The genitive bhaviṣyatām (भविष्यताम्) belongs with udbhavaḥ (उद्भवः).
kīrtiḥ śrīḥ vāk ca nārīṇāṃ smṛtiḥ medhā dhṛtiḥ kṣamā (कीर्तिः श्रीः वाक् च नारीणां स्मृतिः मेधा धृतिः क्षमा) is the same frame as the rest of the list. Of women, these: fame, fortune, speech, memory, intelligence, firmness, patience. Seven feminine nominatives, one genitive. kṣamā (क्षमा) was already a state that comes from him. Here it is a splendor in this group. The line does not open a separate teaching about women.
Sanskrit in this line
śrīḥ (श्रीः) + vāk (वाक्) is śrīr vāk (श्रीर्वाक्). Visarga after ī (ई) before the voiced v (व्) becomes r (र्). vāc (वाच्) in the nominative singular is vāk (वाक्). The palatal at the end of the stem becomes k (क्) when it stands as the subject. Then vāk (वाक्) + ca (च) is vāk ca (वाक्च).
smṛtiḥ (स्मृतिः) + medhā (मेधा) is smṛtir medhā (स्मृतिर्मेधा). The same r (र्) after i (इ), before voiced m (म्).
Say it back
Death and arising as one line, then the genitive nārīṇām (नारीणाम्) with its nominatives. If mṛtyuḥ (मृत्युः) swallows the verse, stay here. udbhavaḥ (उद्भवः) is in it.