10.37
वृष्णीनां वासुदेवोऽस्मि पाण्डवानां धनञ्जयः ।
मुनीनामप्यहं व्यासः कवीनामुशना कविः ॥
vṛṣṇīnāṃ vāsudevo 'smi pāṇḍavānāṃ dhanañjayaḥ
munīnām apy ahaṃ vyāsaḥ kavīnām uśanā kaviḥ
Kṛṣṇa (कृष्ण) continues. The list reaches the two men in the chariot.
The verse
Of the Vṛṣṇis I am Vāsudeva; of the Pāṇḍavas I am Dhanañjaya; of the munis I am also Vyāsa; of poets I am Uśanas the poet.
नेपालीमा
वृष्णिहरूमध्ये म वासुदेव हुँ, पाण्डवहरूमध्ये म धनञ्जय हुँ। मुनिहरूमध्ये पनि म व्यास हुँ, कविहरूमध्ये म कवि उशना हुँ।
Where it sits
He has been giving Arjuna forms to meditate on. One of those forms is Arjuna. One of them is himself, under the name vāsudeva (वासुदेव). The self seated in the heart, from 10.20, is not replaced by this. The two names are items the rule will cover.
Split: वृष्णीनाम् + वासुदेवः + अस्मि + पाण्डवानाम् + धनञ्जयः + मुनीनाम् + अपि + अहम् + व्यासः + कवीनाम् + उशना + कविः
vṛṣṇīnām + vāsudevaḥ + asmi + pāṇḍavānām + dhanañjayaḥ + munīnām + api + aham + vyāsaḥ + kavīnām + uśanā + kaviḥ
Sanskrit, in depth
The words
| देवनागरी | Word | Grammar | Sense |
|---|---|---|---|
| वृष्णीनाम् | vṛṣṇīnām | genitive plural | of the Vṛṣṇis. His own people. |
| वासुदेवः | vāsudevaḥ | nominative | Vāsudeva (वासुदेव). Son of Vasudeva (वसुदेव). The speaker's name. |
| अस्मि | asmi | present, 1st singular | I am. |
| पाण्डवानाम् | pāṇḍavānām | genitive plural | of the sons of Pāṇḍu (पाण्डु). |
| धनञ्जयः | dhanañjayaḥ | nominative | Dhanañjaya (धनञ्जय). Winner of wealth. Arjuna's name. |
| मुनीनाम् | munīnām | genitive plural | of the munis. |
| अपि | api | indeclinable | also. |
| अहम् | aham | nominative | I. |
| व्यासः | vyāsaḥ | nominative | Vyāsa (व्यास). He was one of the speakers in 10.13. |
| कवीनाम् | kavīnām | genitive plural | of poets. |
| उशना | uśanā | nominative of uśanas (उशनस्) | उशना Uśanas. |
| कविः | kaviḥ | nominative | the poet. Agrees with uśanā (उशना). |
The phrases
vṛṣṇīnāṃ vāsudevaḥ asmi pāṇḍavānāṃ dhanañjayaḥ (वृष्णीनां वासुदेवः अस्मि पाण्डवानां धनञ्जयः) names him among his clan, and names Arjuna among the Pāṇḍavas. The listener is one of the splendors. The speaker names himself as the splendor of the Vṛṣṇis. The line does not build a second system out of that. It is the list arriving at the chariot.
मुनीनाम् अपि अहं व्यासः कवीनाम् उशना कविः munīnām api ahaṃ vyāsaḥ kavīnām uśanā kaviḥ is Vyāsa among munis, and Uśanas the poet among poets. kaviḥ (कविः) agrees with uśanā (उशना). One person, as kapilaḥ muniḥ (कपिलः मुनिः) was one person.
Sanskrit in this line
api (अपि) + aham (अहम्) is apy aham (अप्यहम्). i (इ) + a (अ) becomes य y. The same glide as arhasi (अर्हसि) + aśeṣeṇa (अशेषेण) in 10.16.
uśanā (उशना) is the nominative of uśanas (उशनस्). A stem in --as (अस्) can make its nominative in --ā (आ). The line's form is uśanā (उशना), and kaviḥ (कविः) tells you it is nominative.
Say it back
The two genitives that name the people in the chariot. vṛṣṇīnām (वृष्णीनाम्), pāṇḍavānām (पाण्डवानाम्), and the two nominatives. If dhanañjayaḥ (धनञ्जयः) is not heard as Arjuna, stay here.