10.38
दण्डो दमयतामस्मि नीतिरस्मि जिगीषताम् ।
मौनं चैवास्मि गुह्यानां ज्ञानं ज्ञानवतामहम् ॥
daṇḍo damayatām asmi nītir asmi jigīṣatām
maunaṃ caivāsmi guhyānāṃ jñānaṃ jñānavatām aham
Kṛṣṇa (कृष्ण) continues. The list is one verse from its gathering.
The verse
Of those who discipline I am the rod; of those who desire victory I am right conduct; of secrets I am silence; of those who know I am knowledge.
नेपालीमा
अनुशासन गर्नेहरूमध्ये म दण्ड हुँ, विजय चाहनेहरूमध्ये म सही आचरण हुँ। गोप्य कुराहरूमध्ये म मौन हुँ, जान्नेहरूमध्ये म ज्ञान हुँ।
Where it sits
Rule, conduct, silence, knowledge. The chapter that began with buddhi (बुद्धि) and jñāna (ज्ञान) returns to knowledge as a splendor. The next verse leaves the pairs and says "seed."
Split: दण्डः + दमयताम् + अस्मि + नीतिः + अस्मि + जिगीषताम् + मौनम् + च + एव + अस्मि + गुह्यानाम् + ज्ञानम् + ज्ञानवताम् + अहम्
daṇḍaḥ + damayatām + asmi + nītiḥ + asmi + jigīṣatām + maunam + ca + eva + asmi + guhyānām + jñānam + jñānavatām + aham
Sanskrit, in depth
The words
| देवनागरी | Word | Grammar | Sense |
|---|---|---|---|
| दण्डः | daṇḍaḥ | nominative | the rod. Punishment. The staff of rule. |
| दमयताम् | damayatām | genitive plural, causative participle of dam (दम्) | of those who discipline. Of those who restrain others. |
| अस्मि | asmi | present, 1st singular | I am. |
| नीतिः | nītiḥ | nominative | right conduct. The leading. From nī (नी), "lead." |
| अस्मि | asmi | present, 1st singular | I am. |
| जिगीषताम् | jigīṣatām | genitive plural, desiderative participle | of those who want to conquer. |
| मौनम् | maunam | nominative singular | silence. |
| च | ca | indeclinable | and. |
| एव | eva | indeclinable | indeed. |
| अस्मि | asmi | present, 1st singular | I am. |
| गुह्यानाम् | guhyānām | genitive plural | of secrets. Of what is hidden. |
| ज्ञानम् | jñānam | nominative singular | knowledge. |
| ज्ञानवताम् | jñānavatām | genitive plural | of those who have knowledge. |
| अहम् | aham | nominative | I. |
The phrases
दण्डः दमयताम् अस्मि नीतिः अस्मि जिगीषताम् daṇḍaḥ damayatām asmi nītiḥ asmi jigīṣatām is the rod among those who discipline, and right conduct among those who desire victory. nītiḥ (नीतिः) has its genitive after the verb. Of the ones who want to conquer, he is right conduct.
मौनं च एव अस्मि गुह्यानां ज्ञानं ज्ञानवताम् अहम् maunaṃ ca eva asmi guhyānāṃ jñānaṃ jñānavatām aham is silence among secrets, and knowledge among those who know. jñānam (ज्ञानम्) opened the catalogue of states in 10.4. Here it is the splendor of those who have it. The lamp of 10.11 and the knowledge of this line are one word at two moments in the chapter.
Sanskrit in this line
jigīṣatām (जिगीषताम्) is a desiderative, "of those who want to conquer." The reduplication and the --sa- (स-) mark wanting. ji (जि) is "conquer." The wish to conquer makes jigīṣa (जिगीष). The genitive plural of that participle is jigīṣatām (जिगीषताम्). The same family of form as yuyutsavaḥ (युयुत्सवः) in 1.1, "wanting to fight."
nītiḥ (नीतिः) + asmi (अस्मि) is nītir asmi (नीतिरस्मि). Visarga after i (इ) before a vowel becomes r (र्).
Say it back
Silence among secrets, knowledge among knowers. maunam (मौनम्), jñānam (ज्ञानम्). If jigīṣatām (जिगीषताम्) comes out as "of conquerors" with the wanting left out, stay here. It is the desire to conquer.