11.2
भवाप्ययौ हि भूतानां श्रुतौ विस्तरशो मया ।
त्वत्तः कमलपत्राक्ष माहात्म्यमपि चाव्ययम् ॥
bhavāpyayau hi bhūtānāṃ śrutau vistaraśo mayā
tvattaḥ kamalapatrākṣa māhātmyam api cāvyayam
Arjuna (अर्जुन) is still speaking, to Kṛṣṇa (कृष्ण).
The verse
The arising and the passing away of beings have been heard by me at length from you, lotus-petal-eyed one, and your imperishable greatness also.
नेपालीमा
हे कमलको पात जस्तो आँखा भएका, प्राणीहरूको उत्पत्ति र नाश मैले तपाईंबाट विस्तारले सुनेको छु, र तपाईंको अविनाशी महिमा पनि।
Where it sits
He is counting what the earlier chapters already gave him. Origin, dissolution, greatness. The next verse will say that report is true, and then ask for something the ear cannot do.
Split: भव-अप्ययौ + हि + भूतानाम् + श्रुतौ + विस्तरशः + मया + त्वत्तः + कमल-पत्र-अक्ष + माहात्म्यम् + अपि + च + अव्ययम्
bhava-apyayau + hi + bhūtānām + śrutau + vistaraśaḥ + mayā + tvattaḥ + kamala-patra-akṣa + māhātmyam + api + ca + avyayam
Sanskrit, in depth
The words
| देवनागरी | Word | Grammar | Sense |
|---|---|---|---|
| भव-अप्ययौ | bhava-apyayau | nominative dual | arising and passing away. bhava (भव) is coming to be. apyaya (अप्यय) is the going away. |
| हि | hi | indeclinable | indeed. For. |
| भूतानाम् | bhūtānām | genitive plural | of beings. |
| श्रुतौ | śrutau | nominative dual | heard. The two have been heard. Agrees with bhava-apyayau (भव-अप्ययौ). |
| विस्तरशः | vistaraśaḥ | indeclinable | at length. The ending --śas (शस्) means "by way of." |
| मया | mayā | instrumental | by me. |
| त्वत्तः | tvattaḥ | ablative | from you. The ending --taḥ (तः) answers "from." |
| कमल-पत्र-अक्ष | kamala-patra-akṣa | vocative | lotus-petal-eyed. kamala (कमल) is a lotus. patra (पत्र) is a petal, a leaf. akṣa (अक्ष) is the eye. |
| माहात्म्यम् | māhātmyam | nominative singular neuter | greatness. The great-self-ness. |
| अपि | api | indeclinable | also. |
| च | ca | indeclinable | and. |
| अव्ययम् | avyayam | nominative singular neuter | imperishable. Agrees with māhātmyam (माहात्म्यम्). |
The phrases
bhava-apyayau hi bhūtānām śrutau (भव-अप्ययौ हि भूतानाम् श्रुतौ) is the pair he has already heard. The arising of beings and their passing away. The dual participle belongs to those two, not to the greatness in the next line.
vistaraśaḥ mayā tvattaḥ (विस्तरशः मया त्वत्तः) says how the hearing happened. At length, by me, from you. vistaraśaḥ (विस्तरशः) before m (म्) is recited vistaraśo (विस्तरशो).
माहात्म्यम् अपि च अव्ययम् māhātmyam api ca avyayam is the further thing heard. Your greatness also, and it does not perish. च + अव्ययम् ca + avyayam is cāvyayam (चाव्ययम्).
Sanskrit in this line
śrutau (श्रुतौ) is nominative dual, one ending for two things heard. A dual verb or participle agrees with two, not with a crowd and not with one. māhātmyam (माहात्म्यम्) is singular, so it stands outside that agreement and is added with api ca (अपि च).
Say it back
What two things were heard, and what else. If apyaya (अप्यय) comes out as a second arising, stay here. One word is the coming to be, the other is the going away.