11.20
द्यावापृथिव्योरिदमन्तरं हि
व्याप्तं त्वयैकेन दिशश्च सर्वाः ।
दृष्ट्वाद्भुतं रूपमुग्रं तवेदं
लोकत्रयं प्रव्यथितं महात्मन् ॥
dyāvāpṛthivyor idam antaraṃ hi
vyāptaṃ tvayaikena diśaś ca sarvāḥ
dṛṣṭvādbhutaṃ rūpam ugraṃ tavedaṃ
lokatrayaṃ pravyathitaṃ mahātman
Arjuna (अर्जुन) is still speaking, to Kṛṣṇa (कृष्ण). Meter: triṣṭubh (त्रिष्टुभ्). Four quarters, eleven syllables each, forty-four in the verse.
The verse
The space between heaven and earth, and all the directions, is pervaded by you alone; having seen this wondrous terrible form of yours, the three worlds are shaken, O great self.
नेपालीमा
स्वर्ग र पृथ्वीको बीचको ठाउँ र सबै दिशा तपाईंले नै व्याप्त गर्नुभएको छ। हे महान् आत्मा, तपाईंको यो आश्चर्यजनक भयानक रूप देखेर तीनै लोक हल्लिएका छन्।
Where it sits
The scorching of 11.19 has a witness. The three worlds shake. He is about to say that some of them enter, and some of them praise, because the same sight does both.
Split: द्यावा-पृथिव्योः + इदम् + अन्तरम् + हि + व्याप्तम् + त्वया + एकेन + दिशः + च + सर्वाः + दृष्ट्वा + अद्भुतम् + रूपम् + उग्रम् + तव + इदम् + लोक-त्रयम् + प्रव्यथितम् + महात्मन्
dyāvā-pṛthivyoḥ + idam + antaram + hi + vyāptam + tvayā + ekena + diśaḥ + ca + sarvāḥ + dṛṣṭvā + adbhutam + rūpam + ugram + tava + idam + loka-trayam + pravyathitam + mahātman
Sanskrit, in depth
The words
| देवनागरी | Word | Grammar | Sense |
|---|---|---|---|
| द्यावा-पृथिव्योः | dyāvā-pṛthivyoḥ | genitive dual | of heaven and earth. dyau (द्यौ) is heaven. pṛthivī (पृथिवी) is earth. |
| इदम् | idam | nominative singular neuter | this. |
| अन्तरम् | antaram | nominative | the space between. |
| हि | hi | indeclinable | indeed. |
| व्याप्तम् | vyāptam | nominative singular neuter | pervaded. Filled through. |
| त्वया | tvayā | instrumental | by you. |
| एकेन | ekena | instrumental | by one. Alone. |
| दिशः | diśaḥ | nominative plural | the directions. |
| च | ca | indeclinable | and. |
| सर्वाः | sarvāḥ | nominative plural | all. |
| दृष्ट्वा | dṛṣṭvā | gerund | having seen. |
| अद्भुतम् | adbhutam | accusative | wondrous. |
| रूपम् | rūpam | accusative | form. |
| उग्रम् | ugram | accusative | terrible. |
| तव | tava | genitive | your. |
| इदम् | idam | accusative | this. |
| लोक-त्रयम् | loka-trayam | nominative | the three worlds. |
| प्रव्यथितम् | pravyathitam | nominative singular neuter | shaken. Distressed. Agrees with loka-trayam (लोक-त्रयम्). |
| महात्मन् | mahātman | vocative | O great self. |
The phrases
द्यावा-पृथिव्योः इदम् अन्तरम् हि व्याप्तम् त्वया एकेन dyāvā-pṛthivyoḥ idam antaram hi vyāptam tvayā ekena is the gap between sky and earth. That space is pervaded by you, by you alone. diśaḥ ca sarvāḥ (दिशः च सर्वाः) adds every direction to the same filling.
दृष्ट्वा अद्भुतम् रूपम् उग्रम् तव इदम् लोक-त्रयम् प्रव्यथितम् dṛṣṭvā adbhutam rūpam ugram tava idam loka-trayam pravyathitam is the effect on the worlds. Having seen this wondrous terrible form of yours, the three worlds are shaken.
Sanskrit in this line
dyāvā-pṛthivyoḥ (द्यावा-पृथिव्योः) is genitive dual, the ending --oḥ (ओः) for two. Heaven and earth are one pair, so one ending. oḥ (ओः) before the vowel of idam (इदम्) becomes or (ओर्): dyāvāpṛthivyor idam (द्यावापृथिव्योरिदम्). A visarga after o (ओ) before a vowel is r (र्).
Say it back
What is pervaded, and what shakes. If loka-trayam (लोक-त्रयम्) is calm, pravyathitam (प्रव्यथितम्) was lost.