11.33
तस्मात्त्वमुत्तिष्ठ यशो लभस्व
जित्वा शत्रून् भुङ्क्ष्व राज्यं समृद्धम् ।
मयैवैते निहताः पूर्वमेव
निमित्तमात्रं भव सव्यसाचिन् ॥
tasmāt tvam uttiṣṭha yaśo labhasva
jitvā śatrūn bhuṅkṣva rājyaṃ samṛddham
mayaivaite nihatāḥ pūrvam eva
nimittamātraṃ bhava savyasācin
Kṛṣṇa (कृष्ण) is still speaking, to Arjuna (अर्जुन). Meter: triṣṭubh (त्रिष्टुभ्). Four quarters, eleven syllables each, forty-four in the verse.
The verse
Therefore stand up, win fame, and having conquered the enemies enjoy a thriving kingdom; they have already been struck down by me alone: be the mere occasion, you who draw with the left hand.
नेपालीमा
त्यसैले उठ, यश जित, र शत्रु जितेर समृद्ध राज्य भोग। तिनीहरूलाई मैले नै पहिले नै ढालिसकेको छु, हे देब्रे हातले तान्ने, तिमी केवल निमित्त बन।
Where it sits
11.32 said they will not be, even without him. This verse gives him the part that remains. He is not the striker. nimitta-mātram (निमित्त-मात्रम्) is the whole instruction. 11.34 will name the men and tell him to strike them anyway.
Split: तस्मात् + त्वम् + उत्तिष्ठ + यशः + लभस्व + जित्वा + शत्रून् + भुङ्क्ष्व + राज्यम् + समृद्धम् + मया + एव + एते + निहताः + पूर्वम् + एव + निमित्त-मात्रम् + भव + सव्य-साचिन्
tasmāt + tvam + uttiṣṭha + yaśaḥ + labhasva + jitvā + śatrūn + bhuṅkṣva + rājyam + samṛddham + mayā + eva + ete + nihatāḥ + pūrvam + eva + nimitta-mātram + bhava + savya-sācin
Sanskrit, in depth
The words
| देवनागरी | Word | Grammar | Sense |
|---|---|---|---|
| तस्मात् | tasmāt | indeclinable | therefore. |
| त्वम् | tvam | nominative | you. |
| उत्तिष्ठ | uttiṣṭha | imperative, 2nd singular | stand up. |
| यशः | yaśaḥ | accusative | fame. |
| लभस्व | labhasva | imperative, 2nd singular, middle | win. Obtain. |
| जित्वा | jitvā | gerund | having conquered. |
| शत्रून् | śatrūn | accusative plural | the enemies. |
| भुङ्क्ष्व | bhuṅkṣva | imperative, 2nd singular, middle | enjoy. |
| राज्यम् | rājyam | accusative | a kingdom. |
| समृद्धम् | samṛddham | accusative | rich. Thriving. |
| मया | mayā | instrumental | by me. |
| एव | eva | indeclinable | alone. |
| एते | ete | nominative plural | these. |
| निहताः | nihatāḥ | nominative plural | struck down. |
| पूर्वम् | pūrvam | indeclinable | already. Before. |
| एव | eva | indeclinable | indeed. |
| निमित्त-मात्रम् | nimitta-mātram | accusative, used as predicate | a mere occasion. nimitta (निमित्त) is the instrument, the outward cause. mātra (मात्र) is "only, mere." |
| भव | bhava | imperative, 2nd singular | be. |
| सव्य-साचिन् | savya-sācin | vocative | you who draw with the left hand. Arjuna (अर्जुन). |
The phrases
तस्मात् त्वम् उत्तिष्ठ यशः लभस्व tasmāt tvam uttiṣṭha yaśaḥ labhasva is the command that follows the name. Therefore stand up and win fame.
jitvā śatrūn bhuṅkṣva rājyam samṛddham (जित्वा शत्रून् भुङ्क्ष्व राज्यम् समृद्धम्) is what the standing is for. Having conquered the enemies, enjoy a thriving kingdom.
मया एव एते निहताः पूर्वम् एव निमित्त-मात्रम् भव mayā eva ete nihatāḥ pūrvam eva nimitta-mātram bhava takes the conquest back. By me alone these are already struck down. Be only the occasion.
Sanskrit in this line
nimitta-mātram (निमित्त-मात्रम्) is the predicate of bhava (भव). "Be a mere occasion." mātra (मात्र) at the end of a compound means "only that, nothing more." मया + एव + एते mayā + eva + ete is mayaivaite (मयैवैते): ā (आ) plus e (ए) is ai (ऐ), and e (ए) plus e (ए) is ai (ऐ). The instrumental mayā (मया) is who has already done the striking.
Say it back
Who has struck them, and what he is to be. If nimitta-mātram (निमित्त-मात्रम्) comes out as "the slayer," the mātra (मात्र) was dropped. He is only the occasion.