11.37
कस्माच्च ते न नमेरन्महात्मन्
गरीयसे ब्रह्मणोऽप्यादिकर्त्रे ।
अनन्त देवेश जगन्निवास
त्वमक्षरं सदसत्तत्परं यत् ॥
kasmāc ca te na nameran mahātman
garīyase brahmaṇo 'py ādikartre
ananta deveśa jagannivāsa
tvam akṣaraṃ sad asat tat paraṃ yat
Arjuna (अर्जुन) is still speaking, to Kṛṣṇa (कृष्ण). Meter: triṣṭubh (त्रिष्टुभ्). Four quarters, eleven syllables each, forty-four in the verse.
The verse
And why should they not bow to you, O great self, greater even than Brahmā (ब्रह्मा), the first maker? You are the imperishable, the real and the unreal, and what is beyond that.
नेपालीमा
हे महान् आत्मा, ब्रह्माभन्दा पनि महान्, पहिलो बनाउने तपाईंलाई तिनीहरू किन नझुकून्। तपाईं अविनाशी, सत् र असत् हुनुहुन्छ, र त्यसभन्दा पर पनि हुनुहुन्छ।
Where it sits
The siddhas (सिद्ध) bowed in 11.36. He says the bow is the only fitting act, and then he says what they are bowing to. The apology for his own familiar speech begins after one more verse of names.
Split: कस्मात् + च + ते + न + नमेरन् + महात्मन् + गरीयसे + ब्रह्मणः + अपि + आदि-कर्त्रे + अनन्त + देव-ईश + जगत्-निवास + त्वम् + अक्षरम् + सत् + असत् + तत् + परम् + यत्
kasmāt + ca + te + na + nameran + mahātman + garīyase + brahmaṇaḥ + api + ādi-kartre + ananta + deva-īśa + jagat-nivāsa + tvam + akṣaram + sat + asat + tat + param + yat
Sanskrit, in depth
The words
| देवनागरी | Word | Grammar | Sense |
|---|---|---|---|
| कस्मात् | kasmāt | ablative | why. From what cause. |
| च | ca | indeclinable | and. |
| ते | te | dative | to you. |
| न | na | indeclinable | not. |
| नमेरन् | nameran | optative, 3rd plural | they should bow. They would bow. |
| महात्मन् | mahātman | vocative | O great self. |
| गरीयसे | garīyase | dative of garīyas (गरीयस्) | to the greater one. |
| ब्रह्मणः | brahmaṇaḥ | ablative | than Brahmā (ब्रह्मा). From, compared with. |
| अपि | api | indeclinable | even. |
| आदि-कर्त्रे | ādi-kartre | dative of kartṛ (कर्तृ) | to the first maker. |
| अनन्त | ananta | vocative | O endless one. |
| देव-ईश | deva-īśa | vocative | lord of gods. |
| जगत्-निवास | jagat-nivāsa | vocative | abode of the world. |
| त्वम् | tvam | nominative | you. |
| अक्षरम् | akṣaram | nominative neuter | the imperishable. |
| सत् | sat | nominative neuter | what is. The real. |
| असत् | asat | nominative neuter | what is not. |
| तत् | tat | nominative neuter | that. |
| परम् | param | nominative neuter | beyond. Higher. |
| यत् | yat | nominative neuter | which. |
The phrases
kasmāt ca te na nameran (कस्मात् च ते न नमेरन्) asks a question that expects no other answer. And why should they not bow to you.
garīyase brahmaṇaḥ api ādi-kartre (गरीयसे ब्रह्मणः अपि आदि-कर्त्रे) is why. To one greater even than Brahmā (ब्रह्मा), to the first maker. The datives agree with te (ते).
त्वम् अक्षरम् सत् असत् तत् परम् यत् tvam akṣaram sat asat tat param yat is what he is, beyond the bow. You are the imperishable, the real and the unreal, and that which is beyond them.
Sanskrit in this line
nameran (नमेरन्) is optative, third plural. With na (न) and kasmāt (कस्मात्) it is "why should they not." garīyase (गरीयसे) is dative of the comparative garīyas (गरीयस्), "greater," and brahmaṇaḥ (ब्रह्मणः) is the ablative of comparison, "than Brahmā (ब्रह्मा)." Greater than him. कस्मात् + च kasmāt + ca is kasmāc ca (कस्माच्च): t (त्) before c (च्) becomes c (च्).
Say it back
Why they bow, and what is beyond sat (सत्) and asat (असत्). If he is only the real, tat param yat (तत् परम् यत्) was cut off.