12.16
अनपेक्षः शुचिर्दक्ष उदासीनो गतव्यथः ।
सर्वारम्भपरित्यागी यो मद्भक्तः स मे प्रियः ॥
anapekṣaḥ śucir dakṣa udāsīno gatavyathaḥ
sarvārambhaparityāgī yo madbhaktaḥ sa me priyaḥ
Kṛṣṇa (कृष्ण) continues. Another yaḥ (यः), the same refrain.
The verse
He expects nothing, he is clean and able, he sits apart, his anguish gone, he has given up every undertaking — that devotee of mine is dear to me.
नेपालीमा
ऊ केही आशा गर्दैन, ऊ शुद्ध र दक्ष छ, ऊ अलग बस्छ, उसको व्यथा गइसकेको छ, उसले हरेक थालनी छाडेको छ, मेरो त्यो भक्त मलाई प्रिय छ।
Where it sits
The portrait is still one person, said in nominatives, closed each time by the same refrain. This verse adds the man who has nothing he is waiting to get, and no enterprise he is keeping.
Split: अनपेक्षः + शुचिः + दक्षः + उदासीनः + गत-व्यथः + सर्व-आरम्भ-परित्यागी + यः + मत्-भक्तः + सः + मे + प्रियः
anapekṣaḥ + śuciḥ + dakṣaḥ + udāsīnaḥ + gata-vyathaḥ + sarva-ārambha-parityāgī + yaḥ + mat-bhaktaḥ + saḥ + me + priyaḥ
Sanskrit, in depth
The words
| देवनागरी | Word | Grammar | Sense |
|---|---|---|---|
| अनपेक्षः | anapekṣaḥ | nominative singular | without expectation. na (न) built in as an (अन्) before apekṣā (अपेक्षा), "looking toward." |
| शुचिः | śuciḥ | nominative singular | clean. Pure. |
| दक्षः | dakṣaḥ | nominative singular | able. Deft. |
| उदासीनः | udāsīnaḥ | nominative singular | neutral, sitting apart. ud (उद्) "up," ās (आस्) "sit." |
| गत-व्यथः | gata-vyathaḥ | nominative singular, bahuvrīhi (बहुव्रीहि) | whose anguish has gone. vyathā (व्यथा) "anguish." |
| सर्व-आरम्भ-परित्यागी | sarva-ārambha-parityāgī | nominative singular | one who has given up every undertaking. ārambha (आरम्भ) is an enterprise one starts. |
| यः | yaḥ | nominative singular | who. |
| मत्-भक्तः | mat-bhaktaḥ | nominative singular | my devotee. Recited madbhaktaḥ (मद्भक्तः). |
| सः | saḥ | nominative singular | he. |
| मे | me | dative | to me. |
| प्रियः | priyaḥ | nominative singular | dear. |
The phrases
anapekṣaḥ śuciḥ dakṣaḥ udāsīnaḥ gatavyathaḥ (अनपेक्षः शुचिः दक्षः उदासीनः गतव्यथः) is a string of nominatives. He looks for nothing from anyone, he is clean, he is able, he sits apart, his anguish has gone. śuciḥ dakṣaḥ (शुचिः दक्षः) is recited śucir dakṣa (शुचिर्दक्ष): iḥ (इः) before a voiced consonant becomes ir (इर्). dakṣaḥ udāsīnaḥ (दक्षः उदासीनः) is dakṣa udāsīnaḥ (दक्ष उदासीनः). udāsīnaḥ gata (उदासीनः गत) is udāsīno gata (उदासीनो गत).
sarvārambhaparityāgī yaḥ matbhaktaḥ sa me priyaḥ (सर्वारम्भपरित्यागी यः मत्भक्तः स मे प्रियः) is the relative and the refrain again. Who, my devotee, has laid down every undertaking — he is dear to me. सर्व + आरम्भ sarva + ārambha is sarvārambha (सर्वारम्भ). yaḥ (यः) before m (म्) is yo (यो).
Sanskrit in this line
The verb of the sentence is not a new action. It is priyaḥ (प्रियः), with saḥ (सः), "he is dear." Every nominative in the line agrees with yaḥ (यः). anapekṣaḥ (अनपेक्षः), śuciḥ (शुचिः), dakṣaḥ (दक्षः), udāsīnaḥ (उदासीनः), gata-vyathaḥ (गत-व्यथः), and sarva-ārambha-parityāgī (सर्व-आरम्भ-परित्यागी) are one man, not a list of men.
Say it back
The nominatives, then yo madbhaktaḥ sa me priyaḥ (यो मद्भक्तः स मे प्रियः). If saḥ (सः) picks out someone other than the yaḥ (यः), stay here.