13.3
क्षेत्रज्ञं चापि मां विद्धि सर्वक्षेत्रेषु भारत ।
क्षेत्रक्षेत्रज्ञयोर्ज्ञानं यत्तज्ज्ञानं मतं मम ॥
kṣetrajñaṃ cāpi māṃ viddhi sarvakṣetreṣu bhārata
kṣetrakṣetrajñayor jñānaṃ yat taj jñānaṃ mataṃ mama
Kṛṣṇa (कृष्ण) is still speaking, to Arjuna (अर्जुन).
The verse
Know me also as the knower of the field in all fields, descendant of Bharata (भरत): knowledge of the field and of the knower of the field, that is knowledge, in my view.
नेपालीमा
हे भरतवंशी, सबै क्षेत्रमा क्षेत्रज्ञ पनि म नै हुँ भनेर जान, क्षेत्रको र क्षेत्रज्ञको ज्ञान नै मेरो दृष्टिमा ज्ञान हो।
Where it sits
13.2 set the knower beside the body, and this verse puts Kṛṣṇa (कृष्ण) in that place in every field, and tells Arjuna (अर्जुन) that knowledge is knowing the pair.
Split: क्षेत्रज्ञम् + च + अपि + माम् + विद्धि + सर्व-क्षेत्रेषु + भारत + क्षेत्र-क्षेत्रज्ञयोः + ज्ञानम् + यत् + तत् + ज्ञानम् + मतम् + मम
kṣetrajñam + ca + api + mām + viddhi + sarva-kṣetreṣu + bhārata + kṣetra-kṣetrajñayoḥ + jñānam + yat + tat + jñānam + matam + mama
Sanskrit, in depth
The words
| देवनागरी | Word | Grammar | Sense |
|---|---|---|---|
| क्षेत्रज्ञम् | kṣetrajñam | accusative singular | the knower of the field. |
| च | ca | indeclinable | and. |
| अपि | api | indeclinable | also. |
| माम् | mām | accusative of aham (अहम्) | me. |
| विद्धि | viddhi | imperative, 2nd singular of vid (विद्) | know. |
| सर्व-क्षेत्रेषु | sarva-kṣetreṣu | locative plural | in all fields. |
| भारत | bhārata | vocative | descendant of Bharata (भरत). Arjuna (अर्जुन). |
| क्षेत्र-क्षेत्रज्ञयोः | kṣetra-kṣetrajñayoḥ | genitive dual | of the field and of the knower of the field. Recited kṣetrakṣetrajñayor (क्षेत्रक्षेत्रज्ञयोर्). |
| ज्ञानम् | jñānam | nominative singular | knowledge. |
| यत् | yat | nominative singular neuter of yad (यद्) | which. |
| तत् | tat | nominative singular neuter | that. |
| ज्ञानम् | jñānam | nominative singular | knowledge. The predicate. |
| मतम् | matam | nominative singular, past participle of man (मन्) | held. My view. |
| मम | mama | genitive of aham (अहम्) | my. Of me. |
The phrases
kṣetrajñaṃ ca api māṃ viddhi (क्षेत्रज्ञं च अपि मां विद्धि) is the command. Know the knower of the field as me also. च + अपि ca + api is recited cāpi (चापि). sarvakṣetreṣu bhārata (सर्वक्षेत्रेषु भारत) is the place: in every field, not in one body only.
kṣetrakṣetrajñayoḥ jñānam (क्षेत्रक्षेत्रज्ञयोः ज्ञानम्) is knowledge of the pair. The dual ending holds the field and the knower as one object of knowing.
yat tat jñānam matam mama (यत् तत् ज्ञानम् मतम् मम) is his verdict on the word jñānam (ज्ञानम्). Which is that, that is knowledge, as I hold it. The list of qualities that will fill the word begins at 13.8.
Sanskrit in this line
--yoḥ (योः) is the genitive dual. Two owners take one ending. kṣetra-kṣetrajñayoḥ (क्षेत्र-क्षेत्रज्ञयोः) answers "of the field and of the knower."
Before the voiced j (ज्) of jñānam (ज्ञानम्), the visarga becomes r (र्). The recited line is kṣetrakṣetrajñayor jñānam (क्षेत्रक्षेत्रज्ञयोर्ज्ञानम्). यत् + तत् + ज्ञानम् yat + tat + jñānam is yat taj jñānam (यत्तज्ज्ञानम्): t (त्) before the palatal j (ज्) becomes j (ज्).
Say it back
Cover the English. Say whom to know in all fields, and what he calls knowledge. If mām (माम्) drops out, stay here.