15.8
शरीरं यदवाप्नोति
यच्चाप्युत्क्रामतीश्वरः ।
गृहीत्वैतानि संयाति
वायुर्गन्धानिवाशयात् ॥
śarīraṃ yad avāpnoti yac cāpy utkrāmatīśvaraḥ
gṛhītvaitāni saṃyāti vāyur gandhān ivāśayāt
Kṛṣṇa (कृष्ण) continues, and īśvaraḥ (ईश्वरः) here is the portion of 15.7, lord of the body it enters.
The verse
When the lord takes on a body, and when he departs, he goes taking these with him, as the wind takes scents from their seat.
नेपालीमा
जब प्रभु शरीर लिन्छ, र जब ऊ निस्कन्छ, ऊ यी लिएर जान्छ, जसरी हावाले बसेको ठाउँबाट गन्ध लैजान्छ।
Where it sits
The portion draws the senses in 15.7. This verse says it does not draw them only while it stays. Arrival and departure both carry them. The wind and the scent keep the claim from sounding like a doctrine without a picture.
Split: शरीरम् + यत् + अवाप्नोति + यत् + च + अपि + उत्क्रामति + ईश्वरः + गृहीत्वा + एतानि + संयाति + वायुः + गन्धान् + इव + आशयात्
śarīram + yat + avāpnoti + yat + ca + api + utkrāmati + īśvaraḥ + gṛhītvā + etāni + saṃyāti + vāyuḥ + gandhān + iva + āśayāt
Sanskrit, in depth
The words
| देवनागरी | Word | Grammar | Sense |
|---|---|---|---|
| शरीरम् | śarīram | accusative singular | a body. |
| यत् | yat | indeclinable | when. |
| अवाप्नोति | avāpnoti | present, 3rd singular of ava-āp (अव-आप्) | obtains. Takes on. |
| यत् | yat | indeclinable | when. |
| च | ca | indeclinable | and. |
| अपि | api | indeclinable | also. |
| उत्क्रामति | utkrāmati | present, 3rd singular of ut-kram (उत्-क्रम्) | departs. Goes up out of. |
| ईश्वरः | īśvaraḥ | nominative singular | the lord. The life that masters the body it takes. |
| गृहीत्वा | gṛhītvā | gerund of grah (ग्रह्) | having seized. Having taken. |
| एतानि | etāni | accusative plural | these. The senses of 15.7. |
| संयाति | saṃyāti | present, 3rd singular of sam-yā (सम्-या) | goes on. Departs. |
| वायुः | vāyuḥ | nominative singular | the wind. |
| गन्धान् | gandhān | accusative plural | scents. |
| इव | iva | indeclinable | as. Like. |
| आशयात् | āśayāt | ablative singular of āśaya (आशय) | from the seat. From the place where the scent rests. |
The phrases
शरीरम् यत् अवाप्नोति यत् च अपि उत्क्रामति ईश्वरः śarīram yat avāpnoti yat ca api utkrāmati īśvaraḥ is two times, one subject. When the lord obtains a body, and when he also leaves it. यत् + अवाप्नोति yat + avāpnoti is yad avāpnoti (यदवाप्नोति): t (त्) before a vowel becomes d (द्). यत् + च yat + ca is yac ca (यच्च). च + अपि ca + api is cāpi (चापि). अपि + उत्क्रामति api + utkrāmati is apy utkrāmati (अप्युत्क्रामति). उत्क्रामति + ईश्वरः utkrāmati + īśvaraḥ is utkrāmatīśvaraḥ (उत्क्रामतीश्वरः), इ + ई i + ī becoming ī (ई).
gṛhītvā etāni saṃyāti (गृहीत्वा एतानि संयाति) is the point of the verse. He goes taking these with him. The senses are not left in the body he quit. गृहीत्वा + एतानि gṛhītvā + etāni is gṛhītvaitāni (गृहीत्वैतानि), आ + ए ā + e becoming ai (ऐ).
वायुः गन्धान् इव आशयात् vāyuḥ gandhān iva āśayāt is the picture. As the wind takes scents from their seat. वायुः + गन्धान् vāyuḥ + gandhān is vāyur gandhān (वायुर्गन्धान्). गन्धान् + इव gandhān + iva is gandhān iva (गन्धानिव), and इव + आशयात् iva + āśayāt is ivāśayāt (इवाशयात्).
Sanskrit in this line
gṛhītvā (गृहीत्वा) is the gerund of grah (ग्रह्) with no prefix, so the ending is --tvā (त्वा), not --ya (य). The subject of the gerund is the subject of saṃyāti (संयाति), namely īśvaraḥ (ईश्वरः). etāni (एतानि) is neuter plural, matching indriyāṇi (इन्द्रियाणि), not the masculine body.
Say it back
Both when he takes a body and when he leaves, and what he takes. If etāni (एतानि) is left behind, stay here.