17.26
सद्भावे साधुभावे च सदित्येतत्प्रयुज्यते ।
प्रशस्ते कर्मणि तथा सच्छब्दः पार्थ युज्यते ॥
sadbhāve sādhubhāve ca sad ity etat prayujyate
praśaste karmaṇi tathā sacchabdaḥ pārtha yujyate
śrībhagavān (श्रीभगवान्) is still speaking. This is the first verse on sat (सत्).
The verse
This word सत् is used in being and in goodness, and likewise, Pārtha (पार्थ), the word सत् is used of a praised act.
नेपालीमा
यो सत् शब्द हुनुमा र असलपनमा प्रयोग हुन्छ, र त्यस्तै, हे पार्थ, सत् शब्द प्रशंसा गरिएको कर्ममा पनि प्रयोग हुन्छ।
Where it sits
tat (तत्) was the word for an act with no fruit in view. sat (सत्) is not given one job. It is used where one means being, where one means the good, and where the act itself is praised. 17.27 will put it on steadiness in sacrifice, austerity, and gift, and on action done for that.
Split: सत्-भावे + साधु-भावे + च + सत् + इति + एतत् + प्रयुज्यते + प्रशस्ते + कर्मणि + तथा + सत्-शब्दः + पार्थ + युज्यते
sat-bhāve + sādhu-bhāve + ca + sat + iti + etat + prayujyate + praśaste + karmaṇi + tathā + sat-śabdaḥ + pārtha + yujyate
Sanskrit, in depth
The words
| देवनागरी | Word | Grammar | Sense |
|---|---|---|---|
| सत्-भावे | sat-bhāve | locative singular | in being, in the state of the real. sat (सत्) "being," bhāva (भाव) "state, sense." |
| साधु-भावे | sādhu-bhāve | locative singular | in goodness. sādhu (साधु) "good." |
| च | ca | indeclinable | and. |
| सत् | sat | nominative singular neuter | the word sat (सत्). |
| इति | iti | indeclinable | thus. |
| एतत् | etat | nominative singular neuter | this. |
| प्रयुज्यते | prayujyate | present passive, 3rd singular | is used. pra (प्र) with yuj (युज्). |
| प्रशस्ते | praśaste | locative singular | in the excellent, in what is praised. |
| कर्मणि | karmaṇi | locative singular | in an act. Locative of karman (कर्मन्). |
| तथा | tathā | indeclinable | likewise. |
| सत्-शब्दः | sat-śabdaḥ | nominative singular | the word sat (सत्). śabda (शब्द) "word." |
| पार्थ | pārtha | vocative | Pārtha (पार्थ). Arjuna (अर्जुन), son of Pṛthā (पृथा). |
| युज्यते | yujyate | present passive, 3rd singular | is applied, is used. |
The phrases
सद्भावे साधुभावे च सत् इति एतत् प्रयुज्यते sadbhāve sādhubhāve ca sat iti etat prayujyate is two senses of the word. This word sat (सत्) is used in being, and in goodness. Two locatives, one word.
praśaste karmaṇi tathā sat-śabdaḥ pārtha yujyate (प्रशस्ते कर्मणि तथा सत्-शब्दः पार्थ युज्यते) is the third use. Likewise, Pārtha (पार्थ), the word sat (सत्) is applied in a praised act. karmaṇi (कर्मणि) is locative, "in an act." praśaste (प्रशस्ते) describes that act.
Sanskrit in this line
सत् + शब्दः sat + śabdaḥ is recited sacchabdaḥ (सच्छब्दः). t (त्) before ś (श्) becomes c (च्), and the ś (श्) is written ch (छ्): च्छ cch. The word sat (सत्) is inside sacch (सच्छ्). The same t (त्) before the voiced bh (भ्) of bhāve (भावे) is written d (द्): सत् + भावे sat + bhāve is sadbhāve (सद्भावे). Two meetings, two spellings, one word sat (सत्).
Say it back
Being, goodness, and a praised act. If sat (सत्) is only a person called good, the locative karmaṇi (कर्मणि) has been skipped. Stay here.