17.27
यज्ञे तपसि दाने च स्थितिः सदिति चोच्यते ।
कर्म चैव तदर्थीयं सदित्येवाभिधीयते ॥
yajñe tapasi dāne ca sthitiḥ sad iti cocyate
karma caiva tadarthīyaṃ sad ity evābhidhīyate
śrībhagavān (श्रीभगवान्) is still speaking. sat (सत्) is said of the acts themselves.
The verse
Steadiness in sacrifice, in austerity, and in gift is called सत्, and action done for the sake of तत् is called सत्.
नेपालीमा
यज्ञमा, तपमा र दानमा स्थिर रहनुलाई सत् भनिन्छ, र तत्का लागि गरिएको कर्मलाई पनि सत् भनिन्छ।
Where it sits
17.26 gave the senses of the word: being, goodness, a praised act. This verse puts the word on the three acts he has been classing, when one stands in them, and on action aimed at tat (तत्). One verse remains: the same acts done without faith.
Split: यज्ञे + तपसि + दाने + च + स्थितिः + सत् + इति + च + उच्यते + कर्म + च + एव + तत्-अर्थीयम् + सत् + इति + एव + अभिधीयते
yajñe + tapasi + dāne + ca + sthitiḥ + sat + iti + ca + ucyate + karma + ca + eva + tat-arthīyam + sat + iti + eva + abhidhīyate
Sanskrit, in depth
The words
| देवनागरी | Word | Grammar | Sense |
|---|---|---|---|
| यज्ञे | yajñe | locative singular | in sacrifice. |
| तपसि | tapasi | locative singular | in austerity. Locative of tapas (तपस्). |
| दाने | dāne | locative singular | in gift. |
| च | ca | indeclinable | and. |
| स्थितिः | sthitiḥ | nominative singular | steadiness, abiding. |
| सत् | sat | nominative singular neuter | sat (सत्). |
| इति | iti | indeclinable | thus. |
| च | ca | indeclinable | and. |
| उच्यते | ucyate | present passive, 3rd singular | is called. |
| कर्म | karma | nominative singular | action. karman (कर्मन्). |
| च | ca | indeclinable | and. |
| एव | eva | indeclinable | indeed. |
| तत्-अर्थीयम् | tat-arthīyam | nominative singular neuter | having tat (तत्) as its aim. The suffix --īya (ईय) is "for the sake of." Agrees with karma (कर्म). |
| सत् | sat | nominative singular neuter | sat (सत्). |
| इति | iti | indeclinable | thus. |
| एव | eva | indeclinable | indeed. |
| अभिधीयते | abhidhīyate | present passive, 3rd singular | is called. abhi (अभि) with dhā (धा). |
The phrases
यज्ञे तपसि दाने च स्थितिः सत् इति च उच्यते yajñe tapasi dāne ca sthitiḥ sat iti ca ucyate is steadiness in the three acts. Steadiness in sacrifice, in austerity, and in gift is called sat (सत्). Three locatives, one nominative sthitiḥ (स्थितिः).
कर्म च एव तत्-अर्थीयम् सत् इति एव अभिधीयते karma ca eva tat-arthīyam sat iti eva abhidhīyate is the act aimed at that. And action whose purpose is tat (तत्) is called sat (सत्). The tat (तत्) is the tat (तत्) of the pointer, the word 17.25 already used when the fruit was not the aim.
Sanskrit in this line
च + उच्यते ca + ucyate is recited cocyate (चोच्यते). अ + उ a + u becomes o (ओ). The verb is ucyate (उच्यते), "is called," and its u (उ) is inside the o (ओ). The same line does इति + एव + अभिधीयते iti + eva + abhidhīyate as ity evābhidhīyate (इत्येवाभिधीयते): इ + ए i + e becomes ye (ये), then अ + अ a + a becomes ā (आ), so the a (अ) of abhidhīyate (अभिधीयते) is absorbed.
Say it back
Steadiness in the three acts, and action for the sake of tat (तत्), both called sat (सत्). If sthitiḥ (स्थितिः) is called asat (असत्), you have the next verse too early. Stay here.