18.26
मुक्तसङ्गोऽनहंवादी
धृत्युत्साहसमन्वितः ।
सिद्ध्यसिद्ध्योर्निर्विकारः
कर्ता सात्त्विक उच्यते ॥
muktasaṅgo 'nahaṃvādī dhṛtyutsāhasamanvitaḥ
siddhyasiddhyor nirvikāraḥ kartā sāttvika ucyate
Kṛṣṇa (कृष्ण) is still speaking, to Arjuna (अर्जुन). The doer is the third item of 18.19. This is the sāttvika (सात्त्विक) doer.
The verse
The doer whose attachment is released, who does not say "I," who is endowed with resolve and zeal, and who is unaltered in success and failure: he is called sāttvika (सात्त्विक).
नेपालीमा
जसको आसक्ति छुटेको छ, जो म भन्दैन, जो अडान र उत्साहले युक्त छ, र जो सिद्धि र असिद्धिमा बदलिँदैन, त्यो कर्ता सात्त्विक भनिन्छ।
Where it sits
The act is finished and the doer begins, in the shape of the tyāgī (त्यागी) from the early verses: attachment released, no "I," steady in success and in failure. 18.27 is the passionate doer, and 18.28 is the dark one.
Split: मुक्त-सङ्गः + अनहम्-वादी + धृति-उत्साह-समन्वितः + सिद्धि-असिद्ध्योः + निर्विकारः + कर्ता + सात्त्विकः + उच्यते
mukta-saṅgaḥ + anaham-vādī + dhṛti-utsāha-samanvitaḥ + siddhi-asiddhyoḥ + nirvikāraḥ + kartā + sāttvikaḥ + ucyate
Sanskrit, in depth
The words
| देवनागरी | Word | Grammar | Sense |
|---|---|---|---|
| मुक्त-सङ्गः | mukta-saṅgaḥ | nominative singular, bahuvrīhi (बहुव्रीहि) | one whose attachment is released. |
| अनहम्-वादी | anaham-vādī | nominative singular of --vādin (वादिन्) | one who does not say "I." |
| धृति-उत्साह-समन्वितः | dhṛti-utsāha-samanvitaḥ | nominative singular | endowed with resolve and zeal. |
| सिद्धि-असिद्ध्योः | siddhi-asiddhyoḥ | locative dual | in success and in failure. |
| निर्विकारः | nirvikāraḥ | nominative singular | unaltered. Not thrown off by either. |
| कर्ता | kartā | nominative singular | the doer. |
| सात्त्विकः | sāttvikaḥ | nominative singular | sāttvika (सात्त्विक). |
| उच्यते | ucyate | present, 3rd singular, passive | is called. |
The phrases
mukta-saṅgaḥ anaham-vādī (मुक्त-सङ्गः अनहम्-वादी) are the first two names. Attachment released, and he does not say "I." mukta-saṅgaḥ anaham-vādī (मुक्त-सङ्गः अनहम्-वादी) is muktasaṅgo 'nahaṃvādī (मुक्तसङ्गोऽनहंवादी).
dhṛti-utsāha-samanvitaḥ (धृति-उत्साह-समन्वितः) gives him resolve and zeal. The recited compound is dhṛtyutsāhasamanvitaḥ (धृत्युत्साहसमन्वितः). इ + उ i + u becomes yu (यु).
siddhi-asiddhyoḥ nirvikāraḥ (सिद्धि-असिद्ध्योः निर्विकारः) is the test. In success and in non-success he is unchanged. siddhi-asiddhyoḥ nirvikāraḥ (सिद्धि-असिद्ध्योः निर्विकारः) is siddhyasiddhyor nirvikāraḥ (सिद्ध्यसिद्ध्योर्निर्विकारः). kartā sāttvikaḥ ucyate (कर्ता सात्त्विकः उच्यते) is recited kartā sāttvika ucyate (कर्ता सात्त्विक उच्यते).
Sanskrit in this line
अः + अ aḥ + a becomes o (ओ), and the second a (अ) drops. mukta-saṅgaḥ anaham-vādī (मुक्त-सङ्गः अनहम्-वादी) is muktasaṅgo 'nahaṃvādī (मुक्तसङ्गोऽनहंवादी). The same verse has the other vowel rule at the end. sāttvikaḥ ucyate (सात्त्विकः उच्यते) is sāttvika ucyate (सात्त्विक उच्यते): before u (उ) the visarga drops and the short a (अ) stays. There is no avagraha, because the following vowel is not a (अ). Read both. They are not the same sandhi.
Say it back
Cover the English. Say how he stands in success and in failure. If siddhi (सिद्धि) alone is what he can bear, stay here.