18.52
विविक्तसेवी लघ्वाशी
यतवाक्कायमानसः ।
ध्यानयोगपरो नित्यं
वैराग्यं समुपाश्रितः ॥
viviktasevī laghvāśī yatavākkāyamānasaḥ
dhyānayogaparo nityaṃ vairāgyaṃ samupāśritaḥ
Kṛṣṇa (कृष्ण) is still speaking. The same man, still without his finite verb.
The verse
Resorting to solitude, eating lightly, with speech, body, and mind held, always intent on the yoga of meditation, and having taken refuge in dispassion.
नेपालीमा
ऊ एकान्तको आश्रय लिन्छ, थोरै खान्छ, वाणी, शरीर र मनलाई वशमा राख्छ, सधैँ ध्यानको योगमा लागिरहन्छ, र वैराग्यको शरण लिन्छ।
Where it sits
The summary moves on to the day he lives, solitude, food, and dispassion, and the releases that finish the sentence arrive in 18.53.
Split: विविक्त-सेवी + लघु-आशी + यत-वाक्-काय-मानसः + ध्यान-योग-परः + नित्यम् + वैराग्यम् + समुपाश्रितः
vivikta-sevī + laghu-āśī + yata-vāk-kāya-mānasaḥ + dhyāna-yoga-paraḥ + nityam + vairāgyam + samupāśritaḥ
Sanskrit, in depth
The words
| देवनागरी | Word | Grammar | Sense |
|---|---|---|---|
| विविक्त-सेवी | vivikta-sevī | nominative of sevin (सेविन्) | one who resorts to a solitary place. vivikta (विविक्त) is "separated, lonely." |
| लघु-आशी | laghu-āśī | nominative of āśin (आशिन्) | one who eats lightly. laghu (लघु) is "light, little." āśin (आशिन्) is "eating." |
| यत-वाक्-काय-मानसः | yata-vāk-kāya-mānasaḥ | nominative, bahuvrīhi (बहुव्रीहि) | one whose speech, body, and mind are held. yata (यत) is "restrained." |
| ध्यान-योग-परः | dhyāna-yoga-paraḥ | nominative | one for whom the yoga of meditation is the highest aim. para (पर) at the end means "intent on." |
| नित्यम् | nityam | accusative adverb | always. |
| वैराग्यम् | vairāgyam | accusative | dispassion. From virāga (विराग), "the color gone, the craving gone." |
| समुपाश्रितः | samupāśritaḥ | nominative | having taken refuge. Past participle of सम्-उप-आ-श्रि sam-upa-ā-śri. |
The phrases
viviktasevī laghvāśī yatavākkāyamānasaḥ (विविक्तसेवी लघ्वाशी यतवाक्कायमानसः) is how he lives. Solitude, a light meal, and speech, body, and mind held. Three nominatives, still the same man.
dhyānayogaparo nityaṃ vairāgyaṃ samupāśritaḥ (ध्यानयोगपरो नित्यं वैराग्यं समुपाश्रितः) is what he has taken as his aim and his refuge. Always intent on the yoga of meditation, and settled on dispassion. vairāgyam (वैराग्यम्) is the object of samupāśritaḥ (समुपाश्रितः).
Sanskrit in this line
u (उ) before ā (आ) becomes v (व्). लघु + आशी laghu + āśī is recited laghvāśī (लघ्वाशी). The word is still āśī (आशी), "eating," with laghu (लघु) in front of it. The same v (व्) will join भक्तेषु + अभिधास्यति bhakteṣu + abhidhāsyati in 18.68.
Say it back
Cover the English. Say where he resorts, how he eats, and what he has taken refuge in. If vairāgyam (वैराग्यम्) is missing, stay here.