12.4.19
Mīmāṃsā Sūtra / Adhyāya 12 / 12.4.19
विकारो वा नित्यस्याग्नेः काम्येन तदुक्तहेतुः
vikāro vā nityasyāgneḥ kāmyena taduktahetuḥ
The line
A transformation or, of a compound: eternal, and syāgna (स्याग्न), by means of kāmya (काम्य), taduktaheta (तदुक्तहेत).
Where it sits
In Mīmāṃsā (मीमांसा) Sūtra (सूत्र), adhyāya (अध्याय) 12. Prasaṅga (प्रसङ्ग), incidental application, and vikalpa (विकल्प), option. The words of this line are the ones to keep. A shorter line after this one may leave them unsaid.
Split: vikāraḥ (विकारः) + vā (वा) + nitya-syāgneḥ (नित्य-स्याग्नेः) + kāmyena (काम्येन) + taduktahetuḥ (तदुक्तहेतुः)
Sanskrit, in depth
The words
| Word | Grammar | Sense |
|---|---|---|
| vikāraḥ (विकारः) | nominative singular, masculine | a transformation |
| vā (वा) | indeclinable | or |
| nitya-syāgneḥ (नित्य-स्याग्नेः) | genitive or ablative singular | a compound: eternal, and syāgna (स्याग्न). Read it from the end |
| kāmyena (काम्येन) | instrumental singular | kāmya (काम्य) |
| taduktahetuḥ (तदुक्तहेतुः) | nominative singular | taduktaheta (तदुक्तहेत) |
The phrases
vikāraḥ (विकारः) is a transformation. It stands as nominative singular, masculine. The line writes it vikāro (विकारो). vā (वा) is or. It stands as indeclinable. nitya-syāgneḥ (नित्य-स्याग्नेः) is a compound: eternal, and syāgna (स्याग्न). Read it from the end. It stands as genitive or ablative singular.
kāmyena (काम्येन) is kāmya (काम्य). It stands as instrumental singular. taduktahetuḥ (तदुक्तहेतुः) is taduktaheta (तदुक्तहेत). It stands as nominative singular.
Sanskrit in this line
nitya-syāgneḥ (नित्य-स्याग्नेः) is one compound. The hyphen is a teaching mark. Only the last member wears the case. The line writes it vikāro (विकारो).
Say it back
Cover the English. Gloss vikāraḥ (विकारः) and nitya-syāgneḥ (नित्य-स्याग्नेः).