5.4.22
Mīmāṃsā Sūtra / Adhyāya 5 / 5.4.22
विकृतेः प्रकृतिकालत्वात् सद्यस्कालोत्तरा विकृतिस् तयोः प्रत्यक्षशिष्टत्वात्
vikṛteḥ prakṛtikālatvāt sadyaskālottarā vikṛtis tayoḥ pratyakṣaśiṣṭatvāt
The line
Of the variant, because of a compound: nature, what is seen, time, and the state of being that, sadyaskālottara (सद्यस्कालोत्तर), a variant, of of the two, in the two, because of a compound: direct, and śiṣṭatva (शिष्टत्व).
Where it sits
In Mīmāṃsā (मीमांसा) Sūtra (सूत्र), adhyāya (अध्याय) 5. Order. Sequence is fixed by the order of the words, and by other rules when the words do not decide. The words of this line are the ones to keep. A shorter line after this one may leave them unsaid.
Split: vikṛteḥ (विकृतेः) + prakṛti-kāla-tvāt (प्रकृति-काल-त्वात्) + sadyaskālottarā (सद्यस्कालोत्तरा) + vikṛtiḥ (विकृतिः) + tayoḥ (तयोः) + pratyakṣa-śiṣṭatvāt (प्रत्यक्ष-शिष्टत्वात्)
Sanskrit, in depth
The words
| Word | Grammar | Sense |
|---|---|---|
| vikṛteḥ (विकृतेः) | genitive or ablative singular | the variant |
| prakṛti-kāla-tvāt (प्रकृति-काल-त्वात्) | ablative singular | a compound: nature, what is seen, time, and the state of being that. Read it from the end |
| sadyaskālottarā (सद्यस्कालोत्तरा) | nominative singular, feminine, or instrumental singular | sadyaskālottara (सद्यस्कालोत्तर) |
| vikṛtiḥ (विकृतिः) | nominative singular, feminine | a variant |
| tayoḥ (तयोः) | genitive or locative dual | of the two, in the two |
| pratyakṣa-śiṣṭatvāt (प्रत्यक्ष-शिष्टत्वात्) | ablative singular | a compound: direct, and śiṣṭatva (शिष्टत्व). Read it from the end |
The phrases
vikṛteḥ (विकृतेः) is the variant. It stands as genitive or ablative singular. prakṛti-kāla-tvāt (प्रकृति-काल-त्वात्) is a compound: nature, what is seen, time, and the state of being that. Read it from the end. It stands as ablative singular. sadyaskālottarā (सद्यस्कालोत्तरा) is sadyaskālottara (सद्यस्कालोत्तर). It stands as nominative singular, feminine, or instrumental singular.
vikṛtiḥ (विकृतिः) is a variant. It stands as nominative singular, feminine. The line writes it vikṛtis (विकृति). tayoḥ (तयोः) is of the two, in the two. It stands as genitive or locative dual. pratyakṣa-śiṣṭatvāt (प्रत्यक्ष-शिष्टत्वात्) is a compound: direct, and śiṣṭatva (शिष्टत्व). Read it from the end. It stands as ablative singular.
Sanskrit in this line
pratyakṣa-śiṣṭatvāt (प्रत्यक्ष-शिष्टत्वात्) is one compound. The hyphen is a teaching mark. Only the last member wears the case. The line writes it vikṛtis (विकृति).
Say it back
Cover the English. Gloss vikṛteḥ (विकृतेः) and prakṛti-kāla-tvāt (प्रकृति-काल-त्वात्).
Next
5.4.23. In dvaiyahakālya (द्वैयहकाल्य) but, a compound: as, and what is not the rule.