1.4.1
Mīmāṃsā Sūtra / Adhyāya 1 / 1.4.1
उक्तं समाम्नायैदमर्थ्यं तस्मात् सर्वं तदर्थं स्यात्
uktaṃ samāmnāyaidamarthyaṃ tasmāt sarvaṃ tadarthaṃ syāt
The line
It has been said that the recited text has this action as its sense, and so everything in it would be for that action.
नेपालीमा
पठित पाठको अर्थ यही कर्म हो भनिएको छ, त्यसैले त्यसमा भएको सबै त्यही कर्मका लागि हुनेछ।
Where it sits
idam points at the action. That purpose was stated for the recitation as a whole, and again when the class-form was put under the action in 1.3.33. sarvam tadartham is the first view about Udbhid and the names grouped with it. The decision is the next line.
Split: uktam (उक्तम्) + samāmnāya-idamarthyam (समाम्नाय-इदमर्थ्यम्) + tasmāt (तस्मात्) + sarvam (सर्वम्) + tad-artham (तद्-अर्थम्) + syāt (स्यात्)
Sanskrit, in depth
The words
| Word | Grammar | Sense |
|---|---|---|
| uktam (उक्तम्) | nominative singular, neuter | it has been said |
| samāmnāya-idamarthyam (समाम्नाय-इदमर्थ्यम्) | nominative singular, neuter | the recited text's having this as its sense |
| tasmāt (तस्मात्) | indeclinable | therefore |
| sarvam (सर्वम्) | nominative singular, neuter | everything |
| tad-artham (तद्-अर्थम्) | nominative singular, neuter | having that as its purpose |
| syāt (स्यात्) | third person singular, optative, of the verb as | it would be |
The phrases
It has already been said that the recited Veda has action as its sense. Therefore every part of it would be for that action.
The sentences in question are: he should sacrifice with the Udbhid, with the Balabhid, with the Abhijit, with the Viśvajit (विश्वजित्). The doubt is whether these words enjoin a quality, or whether they are names of rites. The word in the instrumental is construed with he should sacrifice. It may be a different locus, a material with which he accomplishes an offering, or the same locus, an offering that bears that name.
A Vedic sentence is an injunction when it makes known what was not known, as he should sacrifice with soma. It is praise when it commends an injunction, as the sentence that calls Vāyu (वायु) the swiftest deity. It is a mantra when, at the time of performance, it brings the enjoined thing to light, as the line about giving the grass-seat to the gods. Udbhid is not praise, because praise is a tail of what is to be enjoined, and it is not a mantra, because there is nothing of that kind for it to illuminate. So the first view makes it a quality-injunction. A bare name would say no more than he should sacrifice, and would give the hearer no further push.
Sanskrit in this line
The pāṭha (पाठ) writes samāmnāyaidam (समाम्नायैदम्) arthyaṃ (अर्थ्यं), with arthyaṃ (अर्थ्यं) cut off. It is one compound, samāmnāya-idamarthya (समाम्नाय-इदमर्थ्य), the recited text having this as its sense. uktam agrees with that neuter. tasmāt (तस्मात्) is from the pronoun tad and is used as an indeclinable.
Say it back
Name Udbhid, Balabhid, Abhijit, and Viśvajit (विश्वजित्), and say the first view makes each a quality of an offering already known.