1.12
Upadeśasāhasrī / 1. Caitanya (चैतन्य) / 1.12
विद्यायाः प्रतिकूलं हि कर्म स्यात् साभिमानतः निर्विकारात्मबुद्धिश् च विद्येतीह प्रकीर्तिता
vidyāyāḥ pratikūlaṃ hi karma syāt sābhimānataḥ nirvikārātmabuddhiś ca vidyetīha prakīrtitā
The line
Action would be opposed to knowledge, because action comes with the I-sense. And the awareness of the self as changeless is what is declared here to be knowledge.
नेपालीमा
कर्म ज्ञानको विरोधी हुन्छ, किनकि कर्म म भन्ने भावसँग आउँछ। यहाँ ज्ञान भनेको आत्मालाई निर्विकार भनी चिन्नु हो।
Where it sits
Verses 8 to 11 were the objector. Verse 12 answers. Verse 13 will spell the two structures: action runs on 'I am the doer, this is mine.' Knowledge depends on the thing, not on the doer.
Split: vidyāyāḥ (विद्यायाः) + pratikūlam (प्रतिकूलम्) + hi (हि) + karma (कर्म) + syāt (स्यात्) + sa-abhimānataḥ (स-अभिमानतः) + nirvikāra-ātma-buddhiḥ (निर्विकार-आत्म-बुद्धिः) + ca (च) + vidyā (विद्या) + iti (इति) + iha (इह) + prakīrtitā (प्रकीर्तिता)
Sanskrit, in depth
The words
| Word | Grammar | Sense |
|---|---|---|
| vidyāyāḥ (विद्यायाः) | genitive singular, feminine | to knowledge, of knowledge. The thing something is opposed to. |
| pratikūlam (प्रतिकूलम्) | nominative singular, neuter | opposed, facing against. |
| hi (हि) | indeclinable | for. The answer's reason. |
| karma (कर्म) | nominative singular, neuter | action. |
| syāt (स्यात्) | optative, third person singular | it would be. |
| sa-abhimānataḥ (स-अभिमानतः) | indeclinable, ablative in sense | because it is with abhimāna (अभिमान), the I-sense, the taking of oneself as the doer. sa- (स-) means 'accompanied by.' |
| nirvikāra-ātma-buddhiḥ (निर्विकार-आत्म-बुद्धिः) | nominative singular, feminine | the notion of the self as nirvikāra (निर्विकार), without modification, without change. |
| ca (च) | indeclinable | and. |
| vidyā (विद्या) | nominative singular, feminine | knowledge. Joined vidyeti (विद्येति) with iti (इति). |
| iti (इति) | indeclinable | as, namely. It names what is proclaimed. |
| iha (इह) | indeclinable | here. |
| prakīrtitā (प्रकीर्तिता) | nominative singular, feminine | proclaimed, declared. Agrees with buddhiḥ (बुद्धिः). |
The phrases
The answer, at last. karma (कर्म) is pratikūla (प्रतिकूल) to vidyā (विद्या) because karma (कर्म) requires abhimāna (अभिमान), 'I am the one who does this.' Knowledge, as this book proclaims it, is the notion that the self does not change, so it is not a doer.
Those two cannot be helpers of each other. A helper has to face the same way.
Sanskrit in this line
sa- (स-) as a prefix means 'with.' sābhimāna (साभिमान) is 'having the I-sense along with it.' The -taḥ (-तः) makes it the reason.
Say it back
What does karma (कर्म) carry that vidyā (विद्या) cannot carry?