18.20
Upadeśasāhasrī / 18. Tattvamasi (तत्त्वमसि) / 18.20
अहंकर्त्रा तथाध्यस्तं नित्यादुःखे स्व आत्मनि
ahaṃkartrā tathādhyastaṃ nityāduḥkhe sva ātmani
The line
A compound: I, and kartra (कर्त्र), a compound: so, and dhyasta (ध्यस्त), in a compound: nityā (नित्या), and pain, one's own, in in the self.
Where it sits
In Upadeśasāhasrī (उपदेशसाहस्री), prakaraṇa (प्रकरण) 18. Tattvamasi (तत्त्वमसि). That thou art. The words of this line are the ones to keep. A shorter line after this one may leave them unsaid.
Split: ahaṃ-kartrā (अहं-कर्त्रा) + tathā-dhyastaṃ (तथा-ध्यस्तं) + nityā-duḥkhe (नित्या-दुःखे) + sva (स्व) + ātmani (आत्मनि)
Sanskrit, in depth
The words
| Word | Grammar | Sense |
|---|---|---|
| ahaṃ-kartrā (अहं-कर्त्रा) | nominative singular, feminine, or instrumental singular | a compound: I, and kartra (कर्त्र). Read it from the end |
| tathā-dhyastaṃ (तथा-ध्यस्तं) | accusative singular, masculine | a compound: so, and dhyasta (ध्यस्त). Read it from the end |
| nityā-duḥkhe (नित्या-दुःखे) | locative singular, or nominative or accusative dual, neuter | a compound: nityā (नित्या), and pain. Read it from the end |
| sva (स्व) | the stem, as the line writes it | one's own |
| ātmani (आत्मनि) | locative singular | in the self |
The phrases
ahaṃ-kartrā (अहं-कर्त्रा) is a compound: I, and kartra (कर्त्र). Read it from the end. It stands as nominative singular, feminine, or instrumental singular. tathā-dhyastaṃ (तथा-ध्यस्तं) is a compound: so, and dhyasta (ध्यस्त). Read it from the end. It stands as accusative singular, masculine. nityā-duḥkhe (नित्या-दुःखे) is a compound: nityā (नित्या), and pain. Read it from the end. It stands as locative singular, or nominative or accusative dual, neuter.
sva (स्व) is one's own. It stands as the stem, as the line writes it. ātmani (आत्मनि) is in the self. It stands as locative singular.
Sanskrit in this line
tathā-dhyastaṃ (तथा-ध्यस्तं) is one compound. The hyphen is a teaching mark. Only the last member wears the case.
Say it back
Cover the English. Gloss ahaṃ-kartrā (अहं-कर्त्रा) and tathā-dhyastaṃ (तथा-ध्यस्तं).