18.79
Upadeśasāhasrī / 18. Tattvamasi (तत्त्वमसि) / 18.79
त्वमित्यध्यक्षनिष्ठश् चेदहमध्यक्षयोः कथम्
tvam ity adhyakṣaniṣṭhaś ced ahamadhyakṣayoḥ katham
The line
If you say that you thus, adhyakṣaniṣṭhaś (अध्यक्षनिष्ठश्), then of a compound: ahama (अहम), dhya (ध्य), and destruction, how.
Where it sits
In Upadeśasāhasrī (उपदेशसाहस्री), prakaraṇa (प्रकरण) 18. Tattvamasi (तत्त्वमसि). That thou art. The words of this line are the ones to keep. A shorter line after this one may leave them unsaid.
Split: tvam (त्वम्) + ity (इत्य्) + adhyakṣaniṣṭhaś (अध्यक्षनिष्ठश्) + ced (चेद्) + ahama-dhya-kṣayoḥ (अहम-ध्य-क्षयोः) + katham (कथम्)
Sanskrit, in depth
The words
| Word | Grammar | Sense |
|---|---|---|
| tvam (त्वम्) | nominative singular | you |
| ity (इत्य्) | indeclinable | thus. iti before a vowel |
| adhyakṣaniṣṭhaś (अध्यक्षनिष्ठश्) | the form as the line writes it | this word, as the line writes it |
| ced (चेद्) | indeclinable | if you say. cet before a voiced sound |
| ahama-dhya-kṣayoḥ (अहम-ध्य-क्षयोः) | genitive or ablative singular | a compound: ahama (अहम), dhya (ध्य), and destruction. Read it from the end |
| katham (कथम्) | indeclinable | how |
The phrases
tvam (त्वम्) is you. It stands as nominative singular. ity (इत्य्) is thus. iti before a vowel. It stands as indeclinable. adhyakṣaniṣṭhaś (अध्यक्षनिष्ठश्) is this word, as the line writes it. It stands as the form as the line writes it.
ced (चेद्) is if you say. cet before a voiced sound. It stands as indeclinable. ahama-dhya-kṣayoḥ (अहम-ध्य-क्षयोः) is a compound: ahama (अहम), dhya (ध्य), and destruction. Read it from the end. It stands as genitive or ablative singular. katham (कथम्) is how. It stands as indeclinable.
Sanskrit in this line
ahama-dhya-kṣayoḥ (अहम-ध्य-क्षयोः) is one compound. The hyphen is a teaching mark. Only the last member wears the case.
Say it back
Cover the English. Gloss tvam (त्वम्) and adhyakṣaniṣṭhaś (अध्यक्षनिष्ठश्).